颌面部体像障碍求术患者的健康教育内容的构建和干预效果的观察  

The construction of contents for health education to the patients with the maxillofacial disorders of body and images and with the investigation of interventional effects

作　　者：孙惠[1] 方芬[1] 汪东梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院口腔颌面外科,主管护师北京100853

出　　处：《口腔颌面修复学杂志》2016年第2期86-88,共3页Chinese Journal of Prosthodontics

摘　　要：目的:建立颌面部整形求术者体像障碍患者的健康教育内容,观察临床应用效果。方法:将我院口腔颌面外科和整形科自2012年1月至2013年12月,采用鲁龙光等编制的体像障碍自评量表(SSBI)作为调查问卷,以颌面部整形求术者为主要研究对象,完成796例问卷调查及体像特点的分析,有体像障碍倾向的患者共有63例,其中无明显手术指证患者29例,接受干预的患者有21例,对21例患者采用认知重建、行为矫正、社会支持等方式进行综合干预。结果:干预前21例患者的体貌关注度、体貌改变度、躯体缺陷度、情绪受损度、他人评价度、体貌认知度、社会交往度以及体障诱因度的各维度分值分别为2.21、2.14、2.07、2.00、1.86、1.71、1.66、1.14,而干预后的分值分别为1.81、1.53、1.37、1.1、1.26、1.02、0.94、1.01。且患者求术欲望明显降低,均未再次就诊求术,生活质量综合评定中的躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能和物质生活状态也由干预前的评分50.7、47.6、51.3、53.1变为干预后的55.6、53.4、57.8、55.7。结论:健康教育综合干预能有效改善体像障患者的负性情绪,提高生活质量。Objective： To explore the education content for patients with body dysmorphic disorder indicated for maxillofacial plastic surgery and to evaluate the clinical efficacy. Methods： From January 2012 to December 2013 in Oral and maxillofacial surgery and orthopaedic department of the hospital, 796 questionnaires of SSBI developed by Guanglong Lu were collected and analyzed. 63 patients had body dysmorphic disorder, and 29 patients were not indicated for surgery, and21 patients received comprehensive intervention such as cognitive restructuring, behavior modification and social support.Results： Great improvements were achieved in 21 patients in degree of physical attention, physical change and emotional damage. Mental function, social function and physical function were significantly improved compared with pre-intervention.Conclusions： Comprehensive intervention of health education might greatly improve the negative emotion of patients with body dysmorphic disorder, and further improve quality of life.

关 键 词：颌面部整形求术者 体像障碍 健康教育 干预效果 

分 类 号：R473.78[医药卫生—护理学]