辽宁省一般人群全血和尿液中砷水平分布的研究  

Investigation of arsenic levels in blood and urine of general population in Liaoning province

作　　者：田昊渊[1] 张云江[2] 郑晓梅[3] 魏明智[3] 王凯[3] 张蕴丽[4] 丁春光[1] 闫慧芳[1] 郑玉新[1] 彭珊茁[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所化学污染与健康安全重点实验室,北京100050 [2]丹东市疾病预防控制中心 [3]沈阳市劳动卫生职业病研究所检验科 [4]辽宁医学院附属医院检验科

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2015年第12期1083-1086,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：卫生部卫生公益性行业科研专项(200802020);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAI06B02);沈阳市科学计划项目(1091165-9-00)

摘　　要：目的了解辽宁省一般人群全血和尿液中砷水平的分布,并分析其流行分布特点。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,于2009—2010年在辽宁省东、中、西部3个城市的区县中,抽取2 105名6～60岁人群作为调查对象,进行血、尿样品采集和问卷调查。应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测样品中砷水平,分析在不同性别、年龄、地区和生活方式中砷水平分布情况。结果调查对象血砷几何均数为3.68μg/L,95%CI为3.55～3.80μg/L,男性血砷几何均数（3.90μg/L）高于女性（3.46μg/L）（P〈0.01）。各年龄组血砷的几何均数差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,其中46～60岁年龄组血砷最高（为5.07μg/L）,17～20岁年龄组血砷最低（为2.19μg/L）。辽宁省东、中、西部地区人群血砷几何均数分别为5.06、2.67和3.15μg/L（P〈0.01）。调查对象尿砷几何均数为21.27μg/L,95%CI为20.37～22.25μg/L。男性尿砷几何均数（22.76μg/L）显著高于女性（19.85μg/L）（P〈0.01）。不同年龄组人群尿砷几何均数差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,其中13～16岁年龄组尿砷最低（为14.97μg/L）,31～45岁年龄组尿砷最高（为32.04μg/L）;辽宁省东、中、西部地区人群尿砷几何均数分别为25.81、17.34和21.40μg/L（P〈0.01）。在吸烟、饮酒和摄食海鲜人群中血砷、尿砷均增高（P〈0.01）。辽宁省一般人群血砷水平与尿砷水平呈正相关（r=0.189,P〈0.01）。辽宁省一般人群血砷几何均数（3.68μg/L）高于全国一般人群（2.33μg/L）（P〈0.01）;辽宁省尿砷几何均数（21.27μg/L）高于全国（13.72μg/L）（P〈0.01）。结论辽宁省一般人群血砷和尿砷水平在性别、年龄、区域和生活方式特征中均存在差异。辽宁省一般人群血砷和尿砷水平显著高于全国一般人群水平。Objective To know the arsenic（ As） levels in blood and urine of the general population in Liaoning province.Methods A total of 2 105 subjects aged 6-60 years were recruited from three cities in east,centre and west of Liaoning province,by cluster random sampling method. Inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS） was used to analyze the levels of As in samples. The background information on the subjects was collected by questionnaires. The prevalence of As concentration was analyzed statistically for gender,age,city and life-style. Results The geometric mean（GM） of blood As levels was 3.68（95%CI： 3.55-3.80） μg/L,the GM of blood As levels in male（3.90） was higher than that in female（3.46 μg/L）（P〈0.01）. There was a significant age specific difference of the GM of blood As levels（P〈0.01）,the highest blood As levels was in 46-60 age group（5.07 μg/L）,the lowest blood As levels was in 17-20 age group（2.19 μg/L）. The GM of blood As levels of population in east,centre and west area were 5.06,2.67 and 3.15 μg/L（P〈0.01） respectively. The GM of urine As was 21.27（95%CI： 20.37-22.25） μg/L. The GM of urine As levels in male（22.76 μg/L） was higher than that in female（19.85 μg/L）（P〈0.01）,with a significant age specific difference（P〈0.01）,the highest urine As levels was in 31-45 age group（32.04 μg/L）,the lowest urine As levels was in 13-16 age group（14.97 μg/L）. The GM of urine As of population in east,centre and west area were 25.81,17.34 and 21.40 μg/L（P〈0.01） respectively. The levels of As in blood and urine were significantly higher among smoker,drinker and seafood consumers（P〈0.01）. The blood As level had a positive correlation with urine As level（r=0.189,P〈0.01）. Conclusion The concentrations and distributions of As in blood and urine of general people in Liaoning province differ by gender,age,city and life-style, and the blood and urine As levels are significantly higher than the average level of Chine

关 键 词：砷 全血 尿液 辽宁 一般人群 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]