核-壳型分子印迹聚合物的制备与应用  

Preparation and Applications of Core-Shell Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

作　　者：明魏娜 王晓艳[2,3] 明永飞[4] 李金花[2] 陈令新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学化学与化工学院山东省生命有机分析重点实验室,曲阜273165 [2]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室,烟台264003 [3]滨州医学院药学院,烟台264003 [4]鲁东大学生命科学学院,烟台264025

出　　处：《化学进展》2016年第4期552-563,共12页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21275158;21477160)资助~~

摘　　要：分子印迹聚合物是具有与模板分子形状、大小及官能团完全匹配的特异识别位点的高分子聚合物,能选择性识别、有效富集目标分析物(模板分子)并去除干扰物,已广泛应用于样品前处理、化学/生物传感、药物输送等领域。然而,在合成过程中,仍存在模板分子洗脱困难、有效识别位点少、结合容量低、传质速率慢等问题。核-壳型分子印迹聚合物即在核层颗粒表面进行分子印迹,即表面印迹,印迹位点仅存在于壳层结构中,利于模板分子洗脱及扩散,能够增加有效识别位点并提高印迹容量。依据核层材料的不同,本文详细介绍了以磁性材料及非磁性材料为核的核-壳型分子印迹聚合物的合成与应用,探讨了中空核-壳分子印迹聚合物的制备与发展,并对核-壳印迹聚合物的发展前景进行了展望。Molecularly imprinted polymers（MIPs） are a new kind of smart polymers with molecular recognition sites complementary to the template molecules in shape,size and functional groups.MIPs can selectively recognize and effectively concentrate target analytes（template molecules） as well as reduce matrices interferences,and they have been widely applied in many fields such as sample pretreatment,chemical/biological sensors,and drug delivery.However,there are still some problems during the traditional synthesis processes of MIPs,such as incomplete template removal,low binding capacity,slow mass transfer and binding kinetic.Surface imprinting is a very effective way to solve the problems,and the resultant core-shell MIPs have cavities at the polymer surface or close to the surface,which can facilitate the elution and diffusion of the template molecules,and increase effective recognition sites and improve imprinting capacities.This review summarizes several types of core-shell MIPs including magnetic core and non-magnetic core,focusing on their preparation and applications.Also,the preparation and development of hollow core-shell MIPs are discussed.Finally,the future outlook of core-shell MIPs is proposed.

关 键 词：分子印迹聚合物 核-壳 表面印迹 磁性核 

分 类 号：O631.3[理学—高分子化学] O658[理学—化学]