三江地区藜芦和狼毒对牛胚胎发育的影响  

Impact of Veratrum nigrum L. and Euphorbia fischeriana steudel on Embryo Development of Cattle in Sanjiang Area

作　　者：彭克美[1] 冯悦平[1] 程国富[1] 杨隽[2] 李馨[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学牧医学院,武汉430070 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学,密山158308

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第8期1002-1006,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 ( 39970 5 47)资助;黑龙江省教委科研资助项目

摘　　要：选用健康奶牛和黄牛各 2 5头 ,在妊娠期 15 - 19d投喂藜芦和狼毒草粉 ,用胃导管以流体形式导入胃内 ,长期观察。研究结果发现 ,妊娠母牛表现出一系列不同程度的中毒反应。妊娠期 15～ 16d中毒易造成流产。妊娠期 17～ 18d中毒 ,其胚胎极易发生畸形。犊牛关节肿大变形、不能站立、双头畸形、脊柱裂等。牛妊娠 19d后中毒 ,很少导致畸形 ,但易出现死胎。研究结果表明 ,藜芦和狼毒是严重危害养牛业的有毒植物。研究提出了预防措施 ,为养牛业提供了重要的科学依据。It is very important to find out the reasons and the morphological changes of cattle abortion, death embryo and teratism in Sanjiang area, in order to determine the preventive measures, improve animal quality and accelerate the animal industry. In the present studies, 25 cows and 25 local bos calves were investigated. The powder of Veratrum nigrum L. and Euphorbia fischeriana steudel was medicated to the animals during the 15-19th day of gestation. It was found that there were different poisoning reactions. When the poisoning was on the 15-16th day of gestation, the pregnant animals were easy to miscarriage. When the poisoning was on the 17-18th day of gestation, the embryos were easy to become teratism. The joint malformation bicephalus and rachischisis could take place for calves. If the poisoning was after 19th day of gestation, there were much more death embryos. The results of the studies showed that Veratrum and Euphorbia fischeriana steudel were the most poisonous plants to the animal industry of Sanjiang area. Some preventive measures were proposed.

关 键 词：三江地区 藜芦 狼毒 牛 胚胎发育 有毒植物 危害 胚胎畸形 

分 类 号：S859.87[农业科学—临床兽医学]