大豆对食叶性害虫的抗性遗传  

Inheritance of Resistance of Soybeans to Leaf-eating Insects

作　　者：詹秋文[1] 盖钧镒[1] 章元明[1] 喻德跃[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学大豆研究所,农业部国家大豆改良中心,南京210095

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第8期1016-1020,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 ( 39970 5 13);国家重点基础研究项目 (G19980 10 2 0 6 )

摘　　要：南京地区大豆食叶性害虫主要是大造桥虫、斜纹夜蛾、豆卷叶螟和银纹夜蛾。大豆对田间食叶性害虫综合虫种的抗性具有相对稳定性。利用两个感抗杂交组合D0 1和D0 3的P1、P2 、F1、F2 、F2∶3 世代 ,在田间自然虫源条件下系统地分析了大豆抗食叶性害虫综合虫种植株反应的遗传规律 ,不论多世代联合分析或单个分离世代分析 ,结果均表明 ,大豆对食叶性害虫的抗性为两对主基因 +多基因遗传模式。但在大豆生长发育的不同时期 ,随着害虫数量和种群结构的变化 ,其抗虫性遗传呈动态变化过程。在两对主基因充分表达日期 ,效应较大的 1对加性效应为 10 .5 1～ 10 .74(叶面积损失率 ,%) ,效应较小的 1对加性效应为 4.35～ 7.2 4(%) ,并且两对主基因的遗传率较高 ,达 81.0 5 %～ 94.10 %,起决定性作用 ;多基因遗传率较低 ,为 0～ 12 .2 4%。抗食叶性害虫育种应首先考虑利用主基因抗性。The major-leaf eating insects of soybeans in Nanjing area are as mugwort looper Ascotis selenaria (Schittermuller et Denis), cotton worm Prodenia litura Fabricius, bean pyralid (Plusia agnata Staudinger), and three spotted plusia Lamprosena indicata Fabricius, with some frequency fluctuation among the species from year to year. The study on inheritance of resistance of soybeans to the above mentioned leaf-eating insects was carried out in field. The results of joint analyses of multiple generations of P 1, F 1, P 2, F 2, F 2∶3 as well as those of single segregation generation analyses of F 2 or F 2∶3 of two crosses D01(N21297×N1178-2-2) and D03 (N21266×N23860) showed mixed inheritance model of a two pairs of major genes plus polygene. At the early damage stage there showed the function of one of the two major genes. Then later on, both major genes expressed their role with the additive effect: one was 10.51%～10.74% which larger than another (4.35%～ 7.24%). The heritability values of major genes were estimated about 81.05%～94.10% greater than those of polygene which were only 0～12.24%.

关 键 词：大豆 食叶性害虫 抗性遗传 抗虫性 多世代联合分离分析 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]