大庆油田天然气处理过程中硫化氢对环境的影响评价  

The Environment Impact Assessment of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Process of Natural Gas Processing

作　　者：边疆[1] 

机构地区：[1]大庆油田天然气分公司

出　　处：《油气田地面工程》2016年第4期84-87,92,共5页Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering

摘　　要：根据大庆油田天然气分公司深冷、浅冷、原稳和天然气净化等各套装置原料气气源、工艺流程和厂房设置的特点,通过现场取样、化验分析等方式,确定了分子筛单元和MDEA溶液脱碳过程对H_2S有聚集作用;通过计算H_2S浓度极限、预测H_2S暴露半径等方法,确定了当生产装置发生天然气、CO_2等原料(产品)大量泄漏或持续渗漏时,各厂房、区域H_2S浓度均不会达到爆炸极限,但是发生大量泄漏时则容易出现H_2S中毒风险,应急处置中应采取以制止天然气、CO_2泄漏(渗漏)为主,以测定区域内H_2S含量为辅的处置方法,结合使用H_2S浓度在线监测设备和便携式检测仪,确保作业环境H2S浓度安全,必要时穿戴呼吸器或防化工作服等,确保作业人员安全。Based on gas source and operation properties of each device for cryogenic purification, shallow cooling, and primary stabilization processes in natural gas branch of Daqing oilfield, as well as the feature of workshop setting, chemical analysis for gas samples were performed, results of which showed that molecular sieve unit and decarburization process with MDEA solution promoted the aggregation of H_2S.Then the calculated limiting concentration and exposure radius of H_2S suggested that massive or continuous leakage of natural gas and/or CO_2,et.al.couldn＇t lead to explosive limits of H_2S in the related area and workshop,but caused H_2S poisoning risk.Therefore,reasonable emergency disposal is to control the leakage of natural gas and/or CO_2 immediately, and test H_2S by online gas detector or portable tester as complementary to ensure the safe of working environment without high H_2S concentration.Further,when necessary,worker should put on respirator and chemical protection suits to avoid danger.

关 键 词：天然气 硫化氢 风险评价 环境影响 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生] TE64[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]