长江安庆段及毗邻湖泊沉积物中多环芳烃分布及风险评价  

Distribution and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from Anqing section of Yangtze River and lakes around Anqing City

作　　者：李法松[1,2,3] 韩铖[1] 操璟璟[1] 周葆华[1] 徐志兵[1] 左月[1] 姚静波[1] 王瑜[1] 金陶胜[2] 

机构地区：[1]安庆师范学院资源环境学院,安庆246011 [2]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室,天津300071 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境化学》2016年第4期739-748,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(21307002);国家自然科学基金(21477057);环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室开放课题基金(KLPPEC-2013-05)资助~~

摘　　要：采集长江安庆段及其沿江湖泊群表层沉积物样品共30个,检测16种多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)含量.结果表明,长江安庆段(4个断面)的∑PAHs浓度范围为36.0—221.6 ng·g^(-1)(干重,下同),平均浓度为137.1#76.5 ng·g^(-1);安庆沿江湖泊群(23个采样点)的浓度范围则为45.5—3608.8 ng·g^(-1),平均浓度为941.5±868.5 ng·g^(-1).研究区域内∑PAHs主要以高环(4—6环,HMW)为主,表明主要受交通运输、船舶油类以及化工厂等高温燃烧排放影响.同分异构体分析进一步表明,PAHs主要来源于燃烧排放,不同湖泊存在不同的潜在来源,嬉子湖受到石油排放源、煤木柴燃烧和石油及其精炼产品的燃烧等多重来源影响,而菜子湖中则主要受木材、煤等燃烧源影响,长江安庆段存在石油直接排放源及其燃烧源共同影响.石门湖和白荡湖则以石油及其精炼产品燃烧源为主.生态风险评价表明,长江安庆段及沿江湖泊群表层沉积物中PAHs处于较低的生态风险状态.The concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（ PAHs） were measured in 30 sediment samples from Anqing section of Yangtze River and the lakes around Anqing City. The results showed that the total concentrations of 16 PAHs in Anqing section of Yangtze River（ 4 sections） and adjacent lakes（ 23 samples） had a mean value of 137. 1 ± 76. 5 ng·g^-1ranging from 36. 0 to 221. 6 ng·g^-1（ dry weight,dw）,and 941. 5 ± 868. 5 ng·g^-1ranging from 45. 5 to3608. 8 ng·g^-1,respectively. The high molecular weight PAHs（ 4—6 ring,HMW） in all sediment samples were prevaling,indicating the combustion sources from emission of vehicle,ships and / or chemical industry. An evaluation of PAH sources based on diagnostic ratios suggested that PAHs in the surface sediment samples mainly derived from combustions of oil,coal or wood. Different PAH sources existed in different lakes,PAHs in Xizi Lake mainly derived from the mixed sources of oil discharge and combustion of oil and their refined products and combustion of wood and coal,PAHs in Caizi Lake mainly derived from combustion of wood and coal,while the mixed sources of direct discharge and combustion form oil and refined products mainly existed in Anqing section of Yangtze River,and combustion form oil and refined products mainly existed in Shimen Lake and Baidang Lake. The results of ecological risk assessment indicated that only low ecological risk existed in Anqing section of Yangtze River and lakes around Anqing City.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 生态风险评价 长江 安庆 湖泊 沉积物 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X824