矩形横截面导体内衰减振荡电流脉冲的趋肤效应  

Skin effect of decay oscillating current pulse in rectangular cross section conductor

作　　者：潘龙[1,2] 陶定峰[3] 何闻[1,2] 顾邦平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学浙江省先进制造技术重点实验室,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027 [3]国网浙江省电力公司电力科学研究院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2016年第4期625-630,743,共7页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：航空科学基金资助项目(20140876003);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体资助项目(51221004);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50675200)

摘　　要：为了优化设计导通电流脉冲的工件以及制定电流脉冲处理材料的工艺方案,研究电流脉冲通过时电流密度、电磁场等物理量在导体内部的分布情况.根据Maxwell方程组,推导出振荡衰减电流脉冲通过矩形截面金属导体时,电场强度、电流密度、磁感应强度、电磁能密度和Maxwell应力张量在横截面分布的解析解.以电容放电通过碳钢板状试样为例,计算相关物理量的分布情况.结果表明,电流、电磁场的分布存在明显的趋肤效应,表面处的数值远远大于心部,主要分布在距离表面深度不大于趋肤深度的表层区域.电场强度、电流密度、磁感应强度、电磁能密度和Maxwell应力张量都呈现出振荡衰减的变化趋势.通过电流脉冲对45碳钢横截面碳原子作用的不均匀现象验证了趋肤效应的存在.The distributions of current density,electromagnetic field and other physical parameters in the cross section when the pulse pass through the conductor were analyzed for the design of workpiece conducting current pulse and the process plan of treating materials by electric current pulse（ECP）.The solutions for distributions of electric field intensity, current density, magnetic flux density,electromagnetic energy density and Maxwell stress tensor were deduced based on the Maxwell equations for the rectangular cross section conductor when ECP passed through it.The distributions of related physical parameters were calculated for carbon steel plate.Results show that a significant skin effect exists and the values of these parameters in the surface region are much larger than those in the internal region.Most of these parameters distribute in the region where the depth from surface is less than skin depth,and the physical parameters present an apparent decay oscillation varying with time.The skin effect of the decay oscillating current pulse in the rectangular cross section conductor was proved to be existed by the non-uniform distribution of carbon atom of the as-quenched 45 carbon steel specimens treated by ECP.

关 键 词：振荡电流脉冲 趋肤效应 电磁场 电流密度 Maxwell应力张量 

分 类 号：O442[理学—电磁学]