380号燃料油的四组分分析及其油水界面张力研究  

SARA ANALYSIS FOR 380~# FUEL OIL AND THEIR OIL-WATER INTERFACIAL TENSION

作　　者：蒋庆才 周永生[1] 崔文龙[1] 王车礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]常州大学石油化工学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2016年第5期18-23,共6页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

基　　金：江苏省普通高校学术学位研究生科研创新计划项目(KYLX_1107)

摘　　要：采用氧化铝吸附色谱柱将380号燃料油分成饱和分、芳香分、胶质和沥青质四组分;用元素分析、凝胶色谱、红外光谱和核磁共振等技术对四组分进行性质分析和结构表征;测定了燃料油及其四组分模拟油的油水界面张力,考察了水相p H、盐浓度对油水界面张力的影响。结果表明:380号燃料油的四组分中芳香分含量最大,沥青质和胶质含量(w)约30%,沥青质比胶质含有更多的杂原子,相对分子质量更大,沥青质的氢碳原子比最小、芳香碳率最大;沥青质比胶质含有更多的羟基、氨基和羧基等官能团,故分子间氢键作用强烈;四组分的油水界面张力由大到小的顺序为饱和分>芳香分>胶质>沥青质,沥青质界面活性最大;由于380号燃料油及其四组分中酸性基团占优势,在强碱性条件下它们与水的界面张力大幅下降;水相盐浓度对380号燃料油及其四组分的界面活性影响不大。The SARA groups（ saturates,aromatics,resins and asphaltenes） of 380~# residual fuel oil were separated by alumina adsorption chromatographic column,and the structures of the groups were investigated by elemental analysis,gel chromatography,FT-IR and ~1H NMR techniques. The interfacial tension（ IFT） of 380~# residual fuel and the simulated oils of SARA groups was measured. The effects of p H value and salt content of aqueous phase on interfacial tension were studied. The results indicate that the aromatic is the largest component in 380~# residual fuel oil. The total content of asphaltene and resin is approximately 30%. Asphaltene with higher molecular weight,the least H/C mole ratio and the largest aromatic carbon ratio contains more heteroatoms than resin. The FT-IR analysis indicates that the polar groups（ hydroxyl,amino,carboxyl,etc） content of asphaltene is more than that of resin,resulting in strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction. The interfacial tension sequence of the groups is： saturate aromatic resin asphaltene. The oil-water interfacial tensions decline sharply at the strong alkaline condition for more acidic groups than the basic groups in residual fuel oil and its components. The influence of salt content in aqueous phase on the interfacial tension is very small.

关 键 词：燃料油 极性组分 结构表征 界面张力 沥青质 

分 类 号：TE626.2[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]