电网暂态过电压传感耦合技术述评  

Review on Sensors and Measurement Technologies Used for Transient Over-voltage of Power Grid

作　　者：司文荣[1,2] 傅晨钊[1,2] 赵丹丹[1,2] 赵文彬[3] 

机构地区：[1]国网上海市电力公司电力科学研究院,上海200437 [2]华东电力试验研究院有限公司,上海200437 [3]上海电力学院,上海200090

出　　处：《高电压技术》2016年第4期1124-1141,共18页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：华东电网有限公司科技项目(20103305312C091);国网上海市电力公司科技项目(20128200335C059)~~

摘　　要：电网暂态过电压的仿真计算和现场实测,是目前研究系统绝缘配合、设备故障诊断和事故起因分析的主要手段;而实测暂态过电压是验证过电压仿真计算结论的首要依据。暂态过电压测量涉及电气、传感器、数据采集、信号处理、计算机等多个学科及其交叉,研究工作点多面广,但过电压分压器即电压波形信号的传感耦合方式是影响测量系统安全性、可靠性、准确性的核心和基础。主要对国内电网暂态过电压传感耦合技术的研究成果进行总结,同时结合本单位在交流500 k V、直流±500 k V以及特高压直流±800 k V和交流1 000 k V的输变电新(改、扩)建设备启动调试试验中百余站·次的暂态过电压测量情况,详细介绍了外接分压器、套管末屏串接无感电容、TV或CVT二次测量与反演、GIS内部内置电极等传感耦合技术,进而分析了上述技术存在的问题,并结合电网发展对暂态过电压传感耦合技术的发展趋势进行了展望。最后指出,随着电力系统向交直流特高压、智能电网、能源互联的方向发展,迫切需要开展特高压、交直流混联工况下系统的暂态扰动特性及其过电压测量和分析等方面的研究。Simulation and field measurement of transient over-voltage（TOV） wave shapes are currently the principal means of researching the insulation coordination of power system, analyzing the cause of the accident analysis, and diagnosing the fault for electrical devices. TOV measurement is the basic way to verify the calculation conclusions of TOV simulation, and it involves many disciplines of electrical, sensor, data acquisition, signal processing, computer, etc.. But the TOV divider is the core and foundation of the measurement system, which affects its security, reliability, and accuracy. We summarized domestic research works of TOV wave shape measurements, including the portable divider, the detection system based on TV or CVT secondary outputs using a calculation model and the porthole type and embedded ring capacitive sensors based on GIS, etc. Meanwhile, we introduced the research and application of results from our institute in detail. Moreover, we analyzed the current problems which might exist, pointed out the direction for development of measurement technologies in the future, and discussed the urgent needs for UHV AC and DC hybrid system transient conditions and related disturbance characteristics by measuring and analyzing the TOV wave shapes.

关 键 词：暂态过电压 波形测量 分压器 传感耦合 现场应用 

分 类 号：TM855[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]