中国城乡土地市场化:估算与比较  

Estimation and Comparison of Urban and Rural Land Marketization Degree in China

作　　者：李尚蒲[1] 罗必良[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《南方经济》2016年第4期24-36,共13页South China Journal of Economics

基　　金：教育部创新团队发展计划项目"中国农村基本经营制度"(IRT_14R17);教育部人文社科项目"基于土地出让视角的政府间竞争研究"(11YJC630103)的阶段性成果;国家自然科学基金重点项目"农村土地与相关要素市场培育与改革研究"(71333004);国家社科基金项目"土地出让与地方政府债务问题研究"(12CJL017);农业部软科学项目"城乡土地市场耦合与创新机制研究"(201618-1)

摘　　要：文章通过估算中国城乡土地市场化水平,分析其演变趋势和时空特征。研究发现:(1)总体而言,全国土地市场化上升趋势明显,表现为1995-2009年农地流转规模逐年攀升,1995-2012年城市土地市场化波动上升;(2)各地对土地财政依赖程度加强,但土地违法程度和耕地征收比率下降;(3)土地市场发育存在区域差异性。一是西部地区土地市场发育程度最低,二是三大区域组内差异对总体差异的贡献率大于组间差异。文章强调,必须统筹城乡土地市场化改革,关注农地市场化发育滞后和土地财政依赖问题,并加大土地市场化水平较低地区的改革力度。Based on the estimation of Chinese urban and rural land marketization degree, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the trends and characteristics of the land marketization. The results indicate that 1 ）The degree of the land marketization was generally increasing in China, which the amount of rural land transfer had a steady growth from 1995 to 2009, and urban land marketing level displayed an rough ascend from 1995 to 2012. 2） The degree of land market＇ s interference was estimated, local governments＇ dependence on land finance had been increasing. Meanwhile, it showed a descendant trend regarding to the degree of violation land laws and ratio of expropriating cultivated land. 3 ） There was a great imbalance on regional differences. Western regions had the lower the rural and urban land market＇ s levels. Moreover, the contribution rate of the difference among different regions was less than that of the different regions. Specially, some conclusions and policy suggestions are put forward, such as overall planning the urban and rural land market, further improving rural land market, putting more concerns on the extreme dependence on land finance, and promoting the reform in lower market＇ s level.

关 键 词：土地市场 市场化程度 泰尔指数 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]