退耕还林的经济效益研究  

Research on the Economic Effects of the Grain for Green Project

作　　者：王庶[1] 邓泽林[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学财政金融学院 [2]财政部农业司

出　　处：《中央财经大学学报》2016年第5期9-16,共8页Journal of Central University of Finance & Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"寻求缩小我国居民收入差距的最有效手段"(项目编号:71473257)

摘　　要：退耕还林工程实施的最初目的在于保护生态环境、遏制水土流失,但因其作用于农民的生产领域,转变农民的生产方式,因而又具备经济效益。以往文献虽曾试图对退耕还林工程的经济效益进行评估,但无论是在实证方法的选择上,还是在微观数据的覆盖范围上,都存在不同缺陷。本文旨在评估退耕还林的经济效益,以农民收入变化作为分析问题的切入点,试图弥补以往研究的不足。研究发现,从总体上看,退耕还林工程没能改善农民收入水平,但通过引导农户从事非农就业,改变了农户的收入结构,其中经营收入增加尤其明显。而且,退耕户内部呈现出明显的差异性,表现为低收入农户退耕后收入大幅下降,高收入农户增收效果明显。鉴于此,建议政府在工程实施中实行差异化补贴策略,并且辅助以技术培训和就业指导等措施来提高农户的劳动技能,以此对退耕还林的制度设计予以完善。The initial purpose of the Grain for Green Project is to protect the environment and prevent the soil-erosion. As it impacts an influence on the production field and alters the farmers＇ production mode directly,the Project also has economic effects. Some papers have attempted to evaluate the economic effects of the program,but there exist defects on the selection of the empirical method and the coverage of the database to some extent. This paper focuses on the evaluation of the economic effects of the Grain for Green Project,taking farmers＇ income as the breakthrough point of the problem,in order to make up to the shortage of the previous research. This paper finds that the project cannot increase farmers＇ income at the aggregate level,but it can change income component,especially significantly increasing individual＇ s operation income. In addition,there appears obvious differences between the households,showing that low income farmers＇ income decreases dramatically and high income farmers＇ income increases significantly. According to this,the paper suggests the government to implement a diverse subsidy strategy and provide employment guidance and skill training as a supplementary to the system design of the Grain for Green Project.

关 键 词：退耕还林 农民增收 倾向得分匹配 

分 类 号：F320[经济管理—产业经济]