硝酸钠-硫氰化铵-溴化十六烷基吡啶体系浮选分离和富集铑  

Flotation separation and enrichment of rhodium by sodium nitrate-ammonium thiocyanate-cetylpyridinium bromide system

作　　者：李玉玲[1] 司学芝[2] 马冬冬[1] 马万山[1] 

机构地区：[1]信阳师范学院化学化工学院,河南信阳464000 [2]河南工业大学化学化工学院,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《冶金分析》2016年第5期26-29,共4页Metallurgical Analysis

基　　金：河南省教育厅自然科学研究计划项目(2006150023)

摘　　要：研究了硝酸钠-硫氰化铵-溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)体系浮选分离富集铑的新方法。探讨了酸度、硝酸钠、硫氰化铵和溴化十六烷基吡啶的浓度等对Rh3+浮选率的影响,确定了浮选分离Rh3+的最佳条件,并讨论了Rh^(3+)的浮选分离机理。结果表明,在最佳条件下,Rh3+与硫氰化铵和溴化十六烷基吡啶生成不溶于水的三元缔合物[CPB+]3[(Rh(SCN)63-],此三元缔合物浮于盐水相上层形成界面清晰的液-固两相。控制溶液酸度为pH2,在0.2g/mL硝酸钠、8.0×10-3 mol/L硫氰化铵和3.0×10^(-3) mol/L溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)的条件下,实现了Rh^(3+)与Al^(3+)、Mn^(2+)、Ga3+、Fe^(2+)、Cd^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、V(Ⅴ)、Ni^(2+)、和Cr~(3+(的定量分离。方法用于合成水样中微量Rh^(3+)的浮选分离,回收率为97.6%~99.1%。The new flotation separation and enrichment method of rhodium by sodium nitrate-ammonium thiocyanate-cetylpyridinium bromide system(CPB)system was studied.The influence of acidity as well as the concentration of sodium nitrate,ammonium thiocyanate and CPB on the flotation rate of Rh^(3+)was investigated.The optimal conditions for the flotation separation of Rh^(3+)were obtained.Moreover,the flotation separation mechanism of Rh^(3+)was also discussed.The results showed that Rh^(3+)could react with ammonium thiocyanate and CPB under optimal conditions to form water insoluble ternary complex [CPB^+]_3[(Rh(SCN)_6^(3-)],which was floated on the upper layer of salt-water phase and formed liquid-solid phase with clear interface.The acidity of solution was controlled at pH 2.When the concentration of sodium nitrate,ammonium thiocyanate and CPB was 0.2g/mL,8.0×10^(-3) mol/L and 3.0×10-3 mol/L,respectively,the quantitative separation of Rh^(3+)from Al ^(3+),Mn^(2+),Ga^(3+),Fe^(2+),Cd^(2+),Mg^(2+),V?,Ni ^(2+)and Cr^(3+)was realized.The proposed method was applied to the flotation separation of trace Rh^(3+)in synthetic water samples.The recoveries were between 97.6% and 99.1%.

关 键 词：硝酸钠 硫氰化铵 溴化十六烷基吡啶 浮选分离 铑 

分 类 号：O658[理学—分析化学] TQ138.22[理学—化学]