玉米产量与主要农艺性状的同异分析  

Similarity-difference Analysis Between Maize Yield and Main Agronomic Traits

作　　者：林秀芳 陈灿[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区贺州市蚕种场,广西贺州542813 [2]广西农业科学院贺州分院/贺州市农业科学研究所,广西贺州542813

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2016年第4期4-6,共3页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目"广西玉米创新团队建设专项资金项目"(nycytxgxcxtd-01)

摘　　要：为广西生态环境下玉米新品种的选育与育种目标的制定提供理论依据,以2012—2014年广西普通玉米区域试验中121个参试品种为研究对象,对其产量与主要农艺性状进行同异分析。结果表明:产量与主要农艺性状之间的综合同一度依次为穗粗(0.952 8)>出籽率(0.952 2)>行粒数(0.947 6)>株高(0.941 9)>穗长(0.941 3)>穗行数(0.940 3)>百粒重(0.935 4)>穗位高(0.916 0)>锈病(0.763 6)>秃尖长(0.736 1)>倒折率(0.678 1)>纹枯病(0.669 5)>倒伏率(0.527 4);玉米性状与育种目标间的差异表现为株高和穗位高与育种目标较接近,倒折率、锈病、倒伏率、纹枯病和秃尖长与育种目标差异较大。广西生态环境下玉米品种的选育重点应加强穗粗、出籽率、行粒数及抗逆性状的选择与调控。Taking 121 test varieties of Guangxi regional tests of common maize in 2012--2014 as research objects, a similarity-difference analysis was conducted on yield and main agronomic traits to provide theoretical basis for breeding of new maize variety and breeding target. Results： Integrated identic degrees between yield and main agronomic traits ranked as follows, ear diameter （0. 952 8）〉 seed producing rate（0. 952 2）〉 kernels per row（0. 947 6）〉plant height（0. 941 9）〉 ear length（0. 941 3）〉 rows per ear（0. 940 3）〉100-seed weight（0. 935 4）〉ear height（0. 916 0）〉（0. 763 6）〉 bald tip length （0. 736 1）〉ratio of lodging declined（0. 678 1）〉sheath blight（0. 669 5）〉lodging percentage（0. 527 4）. The results of the difference analysis existing maize varieties and breeding objectives showed that plant height, ear height were close to breeding target, but ratio of lodging declined, the traits of rust disease, lodging percentage, sheath blight, bald-tip length had much bigger difference to the breeding target. Strategies of maize breeding in the ecological environment of Guangxi, therefore, were to strengthen selection and regulation of ear diameter, seed rate and stress-resistance traits.

关 键 词：玉米 产量 农艺性状 同异分析 广西 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]