籼粳杂交偏籼型恢复系产量相关性状的遗传效应与杂种优势分析  

Genetic Effect and Heterosis on Yield-related Traits of Indicaclinous Restorer from Indica japonica-crossed Rice

作　　者：韦新宇 许旭明 李齐向 马彬林 杨旺兴 邹文广 卓伟 张受刚 杨腾帮 范祖军 

机构地区：[1]福建省三明市农业科学研究院,福建三明365509 [2]福建省三明市种子站,福建三明365000

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2016年第2期107-112,共6页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家水稻产业技术体系专项(CARS-01);福建省科技重大专项(2012NZ0003);福建省科技计划项目(2015S0065);三明市科技计划项目(2014-N-2)

摘　　要：选用通过籼粳杂交、籼型育种目标选择以及育性恢复能力测定等手段选育的6个偏籼型早熟恢复系Gmh01、Gmh03、Gmh05、Gmh06、Gm4006、Gme24与2个籼型三系不育系,按照2×6不完全双例杂交试验设计配制遗传材料。采用等位基因的加性-显性遗传模型(AD模型)分析其产量相关性状的遗传效应与杂种优势。结果表明,每穗总粒数和每穗实粒数主要受到基因加性效应的影响;播始历期、主穗长、单株有效穗数和结实率主要受到基因显性效应的影响。杂种一代产量相关性状均具有一定的杂种优势,但因受到等位基因遗传效应的不同而存在程度和方向上的差异。其中,籼粳交偏籼型恢复系Gmh01、Gmh03和Gme24的遗传改良效果显著,综合性状优良,在今后籼粳亚种间杂种优势利用中具有较好的应用前景。Six early-maturing,indicaclinous type restore lines（i.e.,Gmh01,Gmh03,Gmh05,Gmh06,Gm4006,and Gme24）were bred by crossing Indica japonica,and selected according to the pre-determined criteria and their restoring abilities.They were further crossed with two Indica CMS lines with a 2×6incomplete diallele design.The genetic effect and heterosis on yield-related traits of the bred rice cultivars were analyzed using the additive-dominant genetic model.The results showed that the grains and filled grains per panicle of the rice were controlled mainly by the additive effect,while the duration from seeding to heading,length of main panicle,panicles per plant,and seed setting rate by the dominant effect.The yield-related traits of F1 had an apparent heterosis,but were affected by the genetic variation of the alleles resulting in differences on the degree and direction of the effect.Among the 6restorers,Gmh01, Gmh03,and Gme24 exhibited significant genetic improvements and desirable overall characteristics.Hence,they were considered the potential candidates in breeding rice for the benefit of heterosis.

关 键 词：水稻 籼粳杂交 偏籼型恢复系 加性-显性遗传主效应 产量相关性状 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学] S603.8[农业科学—农业基础科学]