焉耆盆地绿洲区地下水硝态氮污染空间变异性研究及成因分析  

Spatial Variability of Nitrate Nitrogen Contamination in Groundwater and Its Factors Analysis in Oasis Area of Yanqi Basin

作　　者：汪昌树 杨鹏年[1] 于宴民 张瀚[1] 李勋章[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2016年第4期65-70,共6页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51369030);2015年度新疆农业大学研究生科研创新项目(XJAUGRI2015009);新疆水文学及水资源重点学科基金项目(XJSWSZYZDXK20101202)

摘　　要：为了研究焉耆盆地绿洲区地下水硝态氮污染状况,通过野外采样及室内分析,运用地统计学方法中的普通克里金(Or-Kriging)法对绿洲农区207个地下水进行了硝态氮空间变异分析,并以河流、农田排渠水中的硝态氮量分析了硝态氮污染的原因。结果表明,绿洲区地下水体硝态氮量总体水平较低,平均值为3.32mg/L,属国家地下水Ⅱ类质量标准,但不同区域地下水的硝态氮量差异明显;采用普通克里金插值对绿洲区未测区域进行估值并按照国家地下水质量标准进行分区表明,绿洲农区大部分区域地下水硝态氮量已接近世界卫生组织(WHO)的最大允许质量浓度(10.0mg/L),个别地区已处于污染警戒状态(>20.0mg/L),需尽早采取有效措施防治。随着近些年集约化农业的发展,氮肥施用量的增加及利用率偏低是盆地绿洲区地下水硝态氮污染的根本原因。To study the contamination status of nitrate nitrogen in groundwater in oasis area of Yanqi basin,spatial variability of 207 nitrate nitrogen samples in groundwater were analyzed by ordinary Kriging of geostatistics method in oasis agricultural district through field sampling and lab analysis,and the cause of nitrate nitrogen contamination was analyzed by the concentration of river and farmland drainage.The results showed that the overall content of nitrate nitrogen in groundwater in the oasis area was at a low level with average value of 3.32mg/L,the quality class of groundwater was atⅡclass,but the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in different regions was obviously different;the nitrate concentration for not measured region in oasis was estimated with ordinary kriging interpolation and divided the spatial distribution map according to the national groundwater quality standards,showing that the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in groundwater for most of the oasis was close to the maximum allowable concentration of WHO（10.0mg/L）,some of individual regions were in a status of contamination（〉20 mg/L）,which needed effective measures as soon as possible.With the intensive agricultural development,application amount of nitrogen fertilizer increased and low utilization rate were the root cause of the nitrate nitrogen contamination in groundwater in oasis area of Yanqi basin in recent years.

关 键 词：硝态氮污染 成因分析 普通克里金 地下水 绿洲 焉耆盆地 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]