水稻钵苗机插与传统毯苗机插栽培方式比较  

Comparison of the Cultivation Methods between the Rice Pot Seedling and the Traditional Carpet Seedlings

作　　者：周久山[1] 王立勇[1] 吴文革[2] 李泽福[2] 许有尊[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省定远县农业技术推广中心,安徽滁州233200 [2]安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2016年第7期22-23,25,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303102);农业部粮食增产模式攻关课题:安徽省水稻绿色增产模式攻关;国家"863"计划项目(2014AA10A605-6);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B08;2011BAD16B06;2012BAD04B09;2012B AD07B02-4);国家水稻产业技术体系项目(CARS-01-53);安徽省农业科学院创新团队项目(11C0101;13C0114)

摘　　要：[目的]比较水稻钵苗机插与传统毯苗机插栽培方式,为进一步提高水稻机插水平和机插技术的大面积示范推广提供理论依据和技术支撑。[方法]对新型钵苗育秧机插和传统毯苗育秧机插栽培技术在定远县水稻生产中的综合表现进行比较分析。[结果]与传统毯苗育秧相比,钵苗育秧秧苗素质显著提高,株高、茎基宽、百株地上部干重和单株根数分别增加了17.3%、26.9%、124.2%和49.4%;机插后无缓苗期,茎蘖动态发展平缓,成穗率比传统毯苗提高19.9%,穗长明显增加,穗粒数提高17.4%,总颖花量增加5.2%,结实率和千粒重均有所提高,最终产量增加9.4%。[结论]钵苗育秧机插技术有利于水稻品种尤其是大穗型品种高产潜力的发挥,是一项值得推广的新型机插栽培技术。[ Objective] To compare the cultivation methods between the rice pot seedling and the traditional carpet seedlings, and to provide the- oretical foundation and technical support for the further enhancement of large area extension of rice mechanical transplanting level and technology. [ Method ] Comparative analysis of the comprehensive performance of rice production in Dingyuan County was carried out between the rice pot seedling and the traditional carpet seedlings. [ Result ] Compared with the traditional carpet seedlings, the quality of rice pot seedling enhanced significantly. The plant height,base stem width,aboveground dry weight per 100 plants and root number per plant enhanced by 17.3% ,26.9%, 124.2% and 49.4%, respectively. After mechanical transplanting, there was no rejuvenation period ; stem tiller showed smooth dynamic develop- ment; earing percentage enhanced by 19.9% compared with traditional carpet seedlings. The ear size significantly enlarged; kernels per spike and total amount of spikelets enhanced by 17.4% and 5.2% ,respectively. Seed setting percentage and 1 000-grain weight both increased; and ul- timate yield increased by 9.4%. [ Conclusion] Rice pot seedling and mechanical transplanting technology is helpful to the exertion of high yield potential in rice,especially large-spike cuhivar. It is a new machine cultivation technique worth to be popularized.

关 键 词：毯苗机插 钵苗机插 栽培方式 

分 类 号：S504.8[农业科学—作物学]