湖南省2004—2013年学校肠道传染病疫情特征分析  

Epidemiologic feature analysis on intestinal infectious diseases outbreak in schools in Hunan province from 2004 to 2013

作　　者：陈晓慧[1] 郑淑山 曹学龙 周星[1] 刘富强[3] 刘晶[4] 吴成秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]永州市中心血站 [3]湖南省疾病预防控制中心应急办 [4]长沙医学院护理学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2016年第4期554-556,560,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的分析2004—2013年湖南省学校肠道传染病的流行特征及疫情控制效果的影响因素,为预防肠道传染病的发生和促进师生健康提供参考。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的2004—2013年湖南省学校肠道传染病疫情资料,运用描述性流行病学方法、直线相关和多元逐步回归分析法等对资料进行分析。结果 2004—2013年湖南省共报告140起学校肠道传染病,涉及6个病种,6 466例病人,发病率为4.13%,无死亡病例。10 a中暴发疫情起数最多为细菌性痢疾(40/140),病例以感染性腹泻病例最多(2 328例),2006年疫情起数最多(16.43%,23/140)。每年3—6月和8—11月为疫情高峰,分别占42.14%和50.00%。高发学校为乡村中小学(49.61%),寄宿制学校的疫情数和发病人数分别占62.86%和74.79%;高发人群为中小学生(76.23%),主要经水(37.86%)和生活接触传播(37.14%)。控制效果与疫情报告及时性呈正相关(r=0.899,P<0.01)。控制效果受多因素影响。结论 2004—2013年湖南省学校肠道传染病疫情呈先升后降趋势;乡村中小学是高发场所,中小学生是该省防控的重点人群。Objective To analyze the epidemic feature and influncing factors of disease control effect of intestinal infectious diseases in schools of Hunan province during 2004 to 2013, and to provide reference for preventing intestinal infectious diseases and promoting teachers and students＇ health. Methods Descriptive epidemiology method, linear correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze school intestinal infectious diseases of all cities in Hunan province during 2004-2013 which were reported in the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Results A total of 140 school intestinal infectious diseases were reported during 2004-2013 in Hunan province, six kinds of diseases and 6 466 patients were involved,and the morbidity was 4.12%, there was no death case. Bacillary dysentery outbreaks（ 40 / 140） and patients with infectious diarrhea（ 2 328 cases） were the most over the ten-year period, the outbreaks in 2006 were the most（ 16. 43%, 23 / 140）, the morbidity peaks of every year were from March to June and from August to November, the outbreak was 42. 14% and 50. 00% respectively.Rural primary and secondary schools were high risk areas（ 49.90%）, the outbreaks and patients of boarding schools accounted for62.86% and 74.65% respectively. Primary and middle school students were high risk population（ 76.09%）, outbreaks were mainly transmitted by the water（ 37.86%） and life contact（ 37.14%）. The control effect was positively correlated with the epidemic reporting timeliness（ r = 0.899,P〈0.01）, and was influenced by multiple facotrs. Conclusion The outbreaks of school intestinal infectious diseases in Hunan province increased at first and then decreased during 2004-2013. Rural primary and secondary schools are high risk areas, primary and middle school students are key groups for prevention and control.

关 键 词：肠道病毒感染 流行病学研究 疾病暴发流行 组织和管理 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R195[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]