冬水田机械化栽插密度的田间试验研究  

An Experimental Study on Planting Density of Mechanized Transplanting in Winter Water-Logged Paddy Fields

作　　者：熊昌国[1] 应婧[1] 易文裕 余满江 程方平[1] 谢祖琪 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业机械研究设计院,成都610066 [2]农业部丘陵山地农业装备技术重点实验室,成都610066

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期1-9,共9页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303012)

摘　　要：试验采用原创研发的机插秧栽插密度田间测试装置和4行步进插秧机组成的试验系统装置,在泥脚深度23~30cm,水层深度3~11cm的冬水田里进行了田间机械化无载荷栽插试验、模拟满载荷栽插试验和实际插秧正交试验,研究了冬水田机插秧的秧苗株距和标定秧爪株距的关系,种植密度和理论密度的关系.研究结果表明：冬水田的泥脚深度、水层深度、秧苗株距对田间栽插密度的影响特别显著,插秧机的驱动轮、水稻的品种对田间栽插密度看不出影响.在泥脚深度23~30cm的冬水田,当水层深度大于7cm时,机插秧栽插密度随机性较大,种植密度差异高达35.1%,不能保证种植密度和水稻产量.In a study reported in this paper, a test system consisting of an originally developed ＂test equip- ment of planting density of mechanized transplanting＂ and a four-row-walking rice transplanter was used to investigate the relationship between planting spacing of seedlings and calibration planting spacing of seed- ling claws and between the planting density and the theoretical density. Mechanized transplanting without load, mechanized transplanting with simulated load, and an orthogonal experiment of actual mechanized transplanting were carried out in a winter water-logged paddy field where the depth of mud feet was 23-- 30 cm and the depth of surface water layer was 3--11 era. The results showed that the depth of mud feet , the depth of surface water layer and the planting spacing of seedlings had a most significant effect on plant- ing density, and the driving wheel of the rice transplanter and the variety of rice had no significant influ- ence. In a paddy field with a depth of mud feet of 23--30 cm, when the depth of surface water layer was greater than 7 cm, planting density differed with the theoretical density by up to 35.1%. Because of the high randomness, it cannot guarantee planting density and rice yield.

关 键 词：冬水田 测试装置 机插秧 株距 密度 水层深度 泥脚深度 

分 类 号：S223.91[农业科学—农业机械化工程]