天津滨海滩涂互花米草群落动态的研究  

Study on Community Dynamics of Spartina alterniflora at the Intertidal Zone in Tianjin

作　　者：宫乐[1] 张蕊[1] 李瑞利[2] 石福臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学生命科学学院,天津300071 [2]北京大学深圳研究生院,深圳518000

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第2期43-51,共9页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis

基　　金：天津港科技计划项目(2011359);天津市野生植物资源保护项目(20120024002818)

摘　　要：互花米草引种到中国北方的天津滨海滩涂以来,生长良好,扩散较快.对在天津滨海滩涂生长的2种分布类型(斑块分布和连续分布)的互花米草的群落面积、群落密度、地上生物量以及生物量在各器官上的分配等进行了调查分析,结果发现:互花米草根茎的延长和无性分株的不断产生使群落快速扩增,年扩增达4-9 m2,其中在生长季初期扩增最快;整个生长季内都有新生无性分株产生,群落密度在生长季内亦不断增加;地上总生物量和各器官生物量呈单峰增长,在9-10月份达峰值;F/C(同化器官生物量与非同化器官生物量比值)呈单调递减趋势.连续型分布的互花米草群落的密度和地上生物量显著高于斑块分布,F/C值小于斑块分布型,群落平均高度二者差异不明显.Since Spartina alterniflora has been introduced into Tianjin, it grew well and spreaded rapidly in the intertidal zone. This study were investigated for community area, community density, aboveground biomass and different parts biomass of two distribution types （blanket and patch） of S. alterniJlora community. The results showed that： （1） due to the extension of S. alterniflora＇s roots and the continuous production of asexual ramet, this community spreaded quickly and reached to 4-9 m^2 per year, especially at the beginning of growing season; （2） during the whole growing season S. alterniflora proudced continuously asexual ramets, so that density of the community also increased continuously; （3） aboveground biomass and biomass of different parts accumulation showed single peak growth and reached the peak in September-October; F/C （Ratio of photosynthetic organ biomass and non-pbotosyntbefic organ biomass） presented monotone decreasing trend; （4） S. alterniflora community of blanket distribution had a higher density and aboveground biomass than that of patch distribution, while F/C values was obviously lower in blanket distribution than patch distribution pattern. The average height of community showed no significantly differences between two S. alterniflora communities.

关 键 词：互花米草 天津 滩涂 群落动态 

分 类 号：Q948.2[生物学—植物学]