电化学转化二氧化碳制备碳纳米材料及表征  

Preparation and characterization of carbon nano-materials obtained from electrochemical conversion of CO_2

作　　者：吴红军[1] 李志达[1] 谷笛[1] 邴国强[1] 纪德强[1] 刘悦[1] 王宝辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《东北石油大学学报》2016年第2期85-89,98,共6页Journal of Northeast Petroleum University

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅面上项目(12531072)

摘　　要：以Fe为阴极、Ni-Cr合金为阳极,在熔融碳酸盐电解质过程中,采用一步法电解CO2制备蜂窝状单质碳和碳纳米线。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X线衍射仪（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、拉曼光谱仪（RAM）、比表面积测定仪（BET）及激光粒度仪等仪器,分别对碳纳米材料的形貌、晶型结构、比表面积和粒度进行表征。考察电解温度对单质碳形貌的影响,根据计算产碳质量与消耗电荷量的关系,确定最佳电解条件。结果表明：电解温度影响产物的整体形貌及产碳的电流效率,电解温度为850~900K时获得的碳纳米材料形貌呈蜂窝状,电解温度为900~950K时获得的碳纳米材料形貌呈线状。随着电解温度的升高,碳纳米材料的粒径逐渐增加,比表面积逐渐减小。产碳的电流效率随电解温度的升高而降低,在最优电解条件下,电流效率可达82.33%。Faveolate-like elemental carbon and carbon nanowires were prepared via electrolysis in molten carbonates electrolyte with Fe cathode and Ni-Cr anode.By the use of scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),transmission electron microscope(TEM),Raman spectrometer(RAM),specific surface area analyser(BET)and laser particle size instrument,the morphology,crystallinity,BET surface area as well as particle size of the products deposited at cathode were studied,respectively.The effect of the electrolytic temperature on the morphology was investigated,and the best electrolysis condition was confirmed through the calculation in terms of the electricity consumed by electrolysis and the mass of the carbon products obtained at cathode.The results demonstrated that the electrolytic temperature affected the overall morphology of the carbon products as well as current efficiencyof carbon-production.Faveolate-like elemental carbon was obtained at 850~900 K,while carbon nanowires were obtained at 900~950K.Particle size increased and BET surface area decreased at elevated electrolytic temperature.Also,the current efficiency of carbon-production would decrease at elevated electrolytic temperature,and the highest current efficiency could reach 82.33% at the optimum electrolysis condition.

关 键 词：二氧化碳 熔融碳酸盐电解质 电解 蜂窝状单质碳 碳纳米线 

分 类 号：TQ324[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]