免疫损害宿主肺炎病原学分布特征及耐药情况分析  

Pathogen distribution and drug resistance in pneumonias among immunocompromised hosts

作　　者：李洋[1] 石志红[1] 杨岚[1] 刘婷[1] 阳甜[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》2016年第3期423-427,431,共6页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）

摘　　要：目的了解近期我院免疫损害宿主肺炎的病原学分布特征及耐药情况,为临床诊断与治疗提供参考依据。方法对我院2014年度住院的免疫损害宿主肺炎患者进行回顾性调查研究,对病原菌分布以及药敏结果进行统计分析。结果 324例患者中病原学诊断明确的为187例,病原菌主要是革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,占68.42%,鲍曼不动杆菌感染占第1位,革兰氏阳性球菌感染仍以普通金黄色葡萄球菌占第1位。结论我院免疫损害宿主肺炎患者病原菌以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,且分离细菌的耐药性较强;应加强对免疫损害宿主肺炎患者下呼吸道分泌物的病原学和耐药性的动态监测,经验性抗感染治疗应覆盖耐药菌。Objective To provide evidence for diagnosis and treatment by investigating the pathogens and drug resistance of immunocompromised host （ICH） pneumonias, Methods Statistical method was used to analyze retrospectively the data of pathogens and drug resistance of ICH pneumonia treated in our hospital in 2014. Results We confirmed 187 cases of ICH pneumonia by pathogen study of 324 patients. Gram-negative bacillus （68. ~2%） was the main pathogen of ICH pneumonia. Acinetobacter baumanii （AB） accounted for the first place. Staphylococcus aureus infection was still the first of Gram-positive coccus. Conclusion Gram-negative bacillus was the main pathogen of ICH pneumonia in our hospital and the isolated bacteria show strong antibiotic resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen dynamic monitoring of pathogens in the secretions from ICH pneumonia patients＇ lower respiratory tract and drug resistance. It is suggested that clinicians make anti-infection treatment cover drug-resistant bacteria.

关 键 词：免疫损害宿主肺炎 病原学 耐药性 发病特点 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]