原料灰分及脱灰工艺对KOH活化法制备活性炭的影响  

Effects of ashes and deashing process on the adsorption of activated carbons prepared with KOH activation

作　　者：舒成[1] 李克健[1] 杨葛灵[1] 章序文[1] 周颖[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国神华煤制油化工有限公司上海研究院,上海201108 [2]大连理工大学炭素材料研究室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《炭素技术》2016年第2期28-31,共4页Carbon Techniques

基　　金：国家科技部863基金资助项目(No.2009AA05Z318)

摘　　要：以煤直接液化残渣为原料,采用KOH化学活化法,考察了原料灰分及脱灰工艺对制备活性炭结构性能的影响。实验发现:煤直接液化残渣经脱灰预处理后,进行炭化活化,最后酸洗制备出的活性炭产品性能,相对直接用煤直接液化残渣为原料制得的活性炭,其碘吸附值减少了49.82 mg/g,炭收率提高了14.55%,灰分增加了0.38%;以脱灰残渣为原料,加入10%的Fe_2O_3,不仅能有效提高活性炭产品的吸附性能,而且在一定程度上能起到脱灰作用;用质量浓度5%的稀盐酸对煤液化残渣活化物进行脱灰处理,能得到灰分1.39%、碘吸附值1762.49 mg/g的高性能活性炭,如果用HF作进一步酸洗脱灰处理,能使活性炭碘吸附值提高73.27 mg/g,灰分降至0.72%。Activated carbons（ACs） from Shenhua direct coal liquefaction residues（CLRs） have been prepared by KOH chemical activation. The effects of ashes and deashing processes on the structures and properties of ACs were investigated. The results indicate that the iodine value, carbon yield and ash content of ACs prepared from deashed CLRs, compared with CLRs, decreased 49.82 mg/g and rose 14.55% and increased 0.38% respectively. When adding 10% Fe_2O_3 into the deashed CLRs, it not only enhances the adsorption property of ACs, but also decreases the ash content of ACs to a certain degree. After the chars from CLRs were treated with 5% HCl,the iodine value and ash content of high performance ACs obtained from chars were 1762.49 mg/g and 1.39%, respectively. If the ACs were treated with hydrofluoric acid, the iodine value of ACs was increased by 73.27 mg/g, and the ash content was decreased to 0.72%.

关 键 词：活性炭 煤直接液化残渣 脱灰 氢氧化钾 

分 类 号：TQ424.11[化学工程]