3种外来入侵植物提取液对3种病原真菌孢子萌发的抑制作用初探  

Inhibition effects of extracts from three alien invasive plants on spore germination of three plant pathogenic fungi

作　　者：许华[1] 林青 苏纯哲 魏宇昆[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学珠海分校工程技术学院,广东珠海519087 [2]中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心,上海201602

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2016年第4期15-18,14,共5页China Plant Protection

基　　金：上海市绿化与市容管理局攻关项目(G102404);广东省高等学校教育教学改革项目(GDGJ20142513);广东省大学生创新训练项目(201413177031)

摘　　要：以三裂叶蟛蜞菊(Wedelia trilobata)、水葫芦(Eichhornia crassipes)和薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)3种常见外来入侵物种为试验材料,研究了其水提取液对黄瓜枯萎病病菌(Fusarium wilt)、黄瓜灰霉病病菌(Botrytis cinerea)和番茄早疫病病菌(Alternaria solani)3种病原真菌孢子萌发的抑制作用。结果表明,3种外来入侵植物提取液均对3种病原菌孢子萌发都有抑制作用。其中,番茄早疫病病菌孢子萌发的抑制作用随3种入侵植物提取液浓度的升高逐渐升高;黄瓜灰霉病病菌孢子萌发的抑制作用随三裂叶蟛蜞菊和薇甘菊提取液浓度的升高也逐渐升高,但却随水葫芦提取液浓度的升高逐渐降低;而黄瓜枯萎病病菌孢子萌发的抑制作用并未随3种入侵植物提取液浓度的升高而呈规律性变化。水葫芦提取液对3种供试病原菌的孢子萌发抑制作用较三裂叶蟛蜞菊和薇甘菊要强,其提取液浓度为0.10 g/m L时对黄瓜枯萎病病菌和番茄早疫病病菌孢子萌发的抑制作用最高,其抑制率分别为83.80%和88.51%。Inhibition effects of extracts from Wedelia trilobata, Eichhornia crassipesand and Mikania micrantha on spore germination of Fusarium wilt, Botrytis cinerea and A lternaria solani Were researched. The results showed that extracts from three alien invasive plants had inhibition effects on spore germination of F. wilt, B. cinerea and A. solani. With increase of extracts concentration of three invasive plants, inhibition effects on spore germination of A. solani rose gradually; and that of B. cinema also rose gradually with increase of extracts concentration of W. trilobata and M. micrantha, while decreased gradually with increase of extract concentration of E. crassipesand. However, inhibition effects on spore germination of F. wilt did not change regularly with extracts concentration of three invasive plants. Inhibition effect of extract from Eichhornia crassipesand on spore germination of three pathogenic fungi was higher than those of W. trilobata and M. micrantha, the highest germination inhibition rate of F. wilt and A. solani spores reached to 83.80% and 88.51% respectively when the extract concentration was 0.10 g/ml.

关 键 词：植物提取物 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 水葫芦 薇甘菊 黄瓜枯萎病病菌 黄瓜灰霉病病菌 番茄早疫病病菌 孢子萌发 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]