航权纳入WTO多边体制的分析研究  

The Analysis of Possibility of Traffic Rights Incorporated into WTO Multilateral System

作　　者：张焱[1] 张广杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学研究生教育院,上海200042

出　　处：《华北电力大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第2期67-72,共6页Journal of North China Electric Power University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：在国际航空运输服务领域,WTO虽然首次将航空运输服务纳入了多边贸易体制,但GATS在现阶段并不适用于航空运输市场准入中最核心的要素——航权。本文从民航运输角度详细介绍了航权的表现形式和法律内容,对比分析了国际民航管理机制与WTO航空运输立法的相关内容。在此基础上提出,迄今为止,无论是美欧逐步推动的"放松管制"、"天空开放",还是WTO现有的法律安排,都未对航权交换机制带来实质性冲击。民航业内也认为,GATS是外在地套给国际民航界的东西,而并非从国际航空运输实践中演化发展而来的规则。因此,将航权纳入WTO多边体制还存在诸多理论困难和实践挑战。Although the WTO multilateral trading system has made noticeable achievements in liberalizing air service and traffic rights,the most crucial element in international air transport service has not been applied by GATS.The exchange of traffic rights is always characterized by protection and restriction.Following the successful deregulation of its civil aviation in 1970 s,the U.S.began to export Open Skies policy.On30 April,2007,the U.S.and the EU signed an Open Skies Agreement,which strengthened the path-dependence of air transport services liberalization,but eventually not change bilateral mechanism of traffic rights.In addition,civil aviation industry holds that GATS is not the rules developing with the industry.There is a long way to apply the measures of traffic rights in to WTO.

关 键 词：国际航空运输 航权 WTO 双边机制 多边机制 

分 类 号：D920.4[政治法律—法学]