生物再生生命保障地基实验系统气密性评价  

Evaluation on Gas Tightness of Ground-based Experimental Bioregenerative Life Support System

作　　者：胡大伟[1] 付玉明[1] 杜小杰[1] 张金晖[1] 刘红[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院环境生物学与生命保障技术研究所,北京100191

出　　处：《载人航天》2016年第3期399-405,共7页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：载人航天预先研究项目(040201)

摘　　要：针对直接影响生物再生生命保障系统地基实验系统有人密闭系统实验数据准确性的气密性或泄露率问题,以月宫一号大型地基实验系统为例,采用经典气体方程和系统动力学原理建立了影响其舱内气体动态的主要速率方程,并把泄露率作为其中的可调节参数,运用Matlab/Simulink中的S函数建立气体浓度对泄露率变化的瞬态响应特征模型。通过数值仿真实验研究,分析了在假设的不同泄露率下,月宫一号系统内O_2和CO_2气体浓度的动态变化规律。经气密性检验实验测定,月宫一号系统的舱体实际泄漏率为0.043%·d^(-1),仿真实验表明在这样的泄漏率下月宫一号系统的气体浓度瞬态响应规律接近完全密闭系统的水平。运用随机过程控制理论与方法对105天有人实验期间的气体稳态响应特征进行了统计分析研究,证实了在月宫一号有人密闭实验的过程中气体浓度是保持高度稳定的,说明月宫一号系统的气密性保证了系统有人密闭实验数据的可靠性。为后续类似的地基实验系统的设计和构建奠定了基础,可为我国再生生保系统的设计与建造提供相关的理论与方法支持。The gas tightness or leakage rate is an important technical parameter for the ground-based experimental Bioregenerative Life Support System( BLSS),because it directly determines the closure degree of the system and the accuracy of data from human-rated experiments. In this research,the mechanism of gas( O_2 and CO_2) transient response to leakage rates in Lunar Palace 1,a prototype of BLSS in China,was investigated with mathematical model developed by gas equation,experimental data and system dynamics,simulation model established by S-function on the platform of Matlab /Simulink,and theory of stochastic process. The gas tightness tests showed that the actual leakage rate of the Lunar Palace 1 cabin was 0. 043%·d^(-1)which was almost a completely closed level via simulation and calculation. The gas steady-state response characteristics were also analyzed elaborately by stochastic process method to verify that the gas concentrations were robustly stable during the 105-day human-rated experiment in the Lunar Palace 1,and the actual leakage rate of cabin did not adversely affect experimental results,namely the gas tightness ensured the accuracy and reliability of data obtained from the human-rated experiment. This research may provide a theoretical and methodological basis for the design and building of BLSS in China.

关 键 词：生物再生生命保障系统 泄露率 随机过程 建模与仿真 月宫一号 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]