不同施肥模式对太湖流域农田土体氮磷流失与营养累积的影响  

Effects of Fertilization Patterns on Loss of Soil Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Nutrients Accumulation in Farmlands of Taihu Lake Basin

作　　者：陈永高[1] 张瑞斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业职业技术学院,浙江绍兴312000 [2]南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2016年第2期115-119,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：江苏省自然科学青年基金项目"低污染水生态净化技术模拟优选与效果评估"(BK20140603);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(20620140486)

摘　　要：[目的]研究不同施肥模式对太湖流域农田蔬菜产量及土体氮磷流失与营养累积的影响,为太湖流域农业面源污染防治和治理提供科学依据。[方法]以太湖流域农田土体蔬菜地为研究对象,采用田间径流池法进行不同施肥模式的田间小区试验。[结果]与常规施肥相比,优化施肥可减少地表径流氮磷流失量;有机肥的施用能有效抑制地表径流氮流失;与对照地相比,其他几种施肥处理均可使蔬菜植株氮、磷、钾素累积量增加。[结论]优化施肥可使研究区蔬菜产量提高31%,可使作物肥料利用率提高27%。[Objective]The effects of different fertilization patterns on vegetable yield,loss of soil nitrogen,phosphorus and nutrition accumulation in farmlands of Taihu Lake basin were researched to provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in Taihu Lake basin.[Methods]A field experiment was conducted in runoff pools constructed on typical vegetable land with six fertilization treatments in the Taihu Lake basin.[Results]Discharges of nitrogen and phosphorus in treatment of optimal fertilization were reduced in comparison with the one of chemical fertilization.Nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in all fertilization patterns were measured accumulated in vegetables as compared with the one of no fertilization.[Conclusion]Optimal fertilizer can increase vegetable yield and utilization ratio of nitrogen fertilizer by 31% and 27%,respectively.

关 键 词：氮磷流失 氮磷钾累积 蔬菜地 肥料利用率 太湖流域 

分 类 号：S146[农业科学—肥料学]