基于生命周期的机电产品碳足迹评价与实现方法  

Carbon Footprint Assessment and Implementation of Electromechanical Products Based on Life Cycle Analysis

作　　者：王欣[1] 李文强[1] 李彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学制造科学与工程学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2016年第5期1-4,共4页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51105260);四川省应用基础研究计划项目(2013JY0016;2015JY0172)

摘　　要：准确的碳足迹分布评估是实现产品低碳化的前提。针对机电产品全生命周期不同阶段的碳足迹分布特点,构建了一种基于全生命周期的机电产品碳足迹评价流程和评估模型。从产品原材料的选择到最终拆解后的回收处理这一整个生命周期过程出发,对机电产品全生命周期的碳排放进行计算和分析。针对某款榨汁机的碳足迹进行了计算评价,比较分析了该榨汁机的碳排放特性,明确其低碳化方向。最终确定了能显著减少该产品碳排放量的四个关键措施,即降低电网的排放因子、产品功能结构的改变、对产品拆解后的回收处理以及运输方式的改变。从而验证所提出的产品碳足迹评价流程和生命周期模型能够有效地计算产品碳排放并有助于实现产品的低碳化。Assessing the distribution of the carbon footprint accurately is a prerequisite to achieve the low-carbon of the product. According to the characteristics of the distribution of the carbon footprint for different stages of electromechanical products,an carbon footprint evaluation process and the evaluation model of the electromechanical product is constructed based on the entire life cycle analysis. From the materials selection process of the product to the final recycle and disposal process after dismantling,the carbon emissions of the electromechanical product life cycle is calculated and analyzed. Carbon footprint assessment and calculation of certain type of jucier is conducted and the carbon emissions characteristics of the jucier is compared and analyzed,which can give a clear direction to achieve the low carbon. Finally four key measures that can significantly reduce the carbon emissions of the product were determined,which were the reduction of the grid emission factors,the change of the product function and structure,the recovery process after dismantling the product and the change of the transportation modes. It proves that the proposed carbon footprint evaluation process and life cycle model can effectively calculate product carbon emissions and help the low carbon product to be realized.

关 键 词：碳足迹 碳排放 排放因子 不确定性分析 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]