木本植物粗提物对桉树焦枯病菌的抑制作用  

Antifungal activities of ligneous plant crude extracts against Calonectria spp. on eucalyptus

作　　者：黄爱珍[1] 谢婉凤[1,2] 李慧敏[1] 郑志炳 黄述熠 郭文硕[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学森林保护研究所,福建福州350002 [2]福建农林大学金山学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2016年第2期221-225,共5页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：福建省财政厅科技项目(K8112004A)

摘　　要：桉树焦枯病成为制约桉树生产的重要因素之一,使用环境友好型的杀菌剂是防控桉树焦枯病的有效途径之一。植物源抑菌剂由于具有生态安全的特点,已作为开发新型农药的重要成分而备受关注。以广玉兰、银杏、八月桂等11种植物为供试材料,分别用蒸馏水和无水乙醇进行低温浸提,研究粗提物对2种桉树焦枯病病原菌类柯氏丽赤壳和瑞丽赤壳的生长抑制作用。结果表明,在1 g·m L-1的浓度处理下,对桉树焦枯病菌瑞丽赤壳抑制效果最好的是银杏水粗提物,抑制率达到了100%;其次是红花檵木水粗提物,抑制率达到了94.28%;广玉兰无水乙醇粗提物对桉树焦枯病菌类柯氏丽赤壳的抑制效果最好,抑制率达到了73.36%;银杏、红花檵木和广玉兰在开发桉树焦枯病新型抑菌剂中具有潜在价值。It is no doubt that a continuous increasing of eucalyptus area is still available in the current status, however, Calonectria leaf blight also becomes more and more serious meanwhile, which is one of the limit factors on the tree production. To solve the problem, using environmental-friendly fungicides to control the pathogen has been considered as an efficiency method. Plant antifungal agent, as an ecology-safety compound to inhibit the growth of the pathogen, is now received more attention for its potential to be developed as new component of pesticide. In this study, in order to find out putative plant agents for the fungicides, 11 different kinds of plant leaves were taken to extracted the antifungal compounds according to water extracted and ethanol extracted way respectively. The antifungal activities of 11 crude extracts were tested on Calonectria pseudocolhounii and C. pseudoreteaudii by using mycelial growth rate method. The results indicated that water extracts from Ginkgo biloba L. with a concentration of 1 g·mL-1 showed highest growth inhibitory rates on C. pseudoreteaudii, of which was 100%, and the Loropetalum chinense Olive var. rubrum Yieh water extracts with 94.28% of growth inhibitory rates was inferior. When it comes to C. pseudocolhounii, the ethanol extracts of Magnolia grandiflora L. showed significant inhibition on it, and the inhibitory rates was 73. 36%. The results suggested that Ginkgo biloba, Loropetalum chinense and Magnolia grandiflora had potential usage as raw material to develop new fungicides.

关 键 词：植物粗提物 桉树焦枯病菌 抑菌率 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]