中国典型污染区域居民二噁英类膳食暴露研究进展  

Dietary intake of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs by residents at two typical sites in China: A review

作　　者：董姝君[1] 刘国瑞[1] 朱青青[1] 张宪[1] 郑明辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《科学通报》2016年第12期1336-1343,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21361140359和21321004)资助

摘　　要：二噁英(PCDD/Fs)和类二噁英多氯联苯(dl-PCBs)统称为二噁英类,因其对人体健康和环境的危害而受到人们的广泛关注.二噁英类作为副产物在废弃物焚烧、金属冶炼、非受控燃烧等热过程以及制浆造纸等化工生产中生成,也存在于含多氯联苯(PCBs)的电力设备中.释放到环境中的二噁英类能够进入食物链,并在食物链中蓄积放大,进而对人体健康造成危害.对现有文献进行调研发现,我国电子垃圾拆解地和化工厂作为二噁英类污染源其周边膳食中PCDD/Fs和dl-PCBs含量显著高于对照区域.基于此,本文综述了我国电子垃圾拆解地和化工厂周边膳食中PCDD/Fs和dl-PCBs的污染水平,评估了当地居民二噁英类膳食暴露的风险.Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans （PCDD/Fs） and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls （dl-PCBs） are referred to as dioxin-like compounds due to their structural similarity. There have been increasing concerns about dioxin-like compounds because they are highly toxic and persistent compounds that may be harmful to human health and the environment. PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs can be unintentionally produced as byproducts from certain thermal processes such as waste incineration, metal smelting and open burning as well as from manufacture of certain chemicals and pulp and paper production. They can also be found in electrical equipment containing polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs）. PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs released in the environment can accumulate in the food chain. Human exposure to PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs mainly through the dietary intake. This paper presents an overview on the available literatures on PCDD/F and dI-PCB levels in foodstuffs at dioxin-like compound polluted sites in China. Although various dioxin-like compound sources in China have been reported and relatively high levels of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs were found in the environmental matrices near dioxin-like compound sources, data on PCDD/F and dl-PCB concentrations in foodstuffs in dioxin-like compound polluted areas in China were relatively few. PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs were found higher levels in the foodstuffs at E-waste recycling sites such as Taizhou in Zhejiang Province and Guiyu in Guangdong Province than the control areas. Moreover, higher levels of PCDD/Fs were also found in foodstuffs in Ya-Er lake than the control area because the water of Ya-Er lake had been continuously polluted by a chemical factory situated on the bank of the lake. It is estimated that dietary intake of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs by the residents at the two typical dioxin-like compound polluted sites exceeded the international limits and were also higher than the average consumer dietary intake of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs in China. It indicates that the residents at the two typ

关 键 词：二噁英 类二噁英多氯联苯 污染源 污染水平 膳食暴露 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]