线粒体钙单向转运体和线粒体应激关系的研究进展  

Progresses on Relationship Between Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter and Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress

作　　者：杨洁[1] 闾宏伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅三医院医学实验中心,中国湖南长沙410013

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2016年第2期178-182,共5页Life Science Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助课题(81470593);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2014CB542400)

摘　　要：钙离子(calcium ion,Ca^(2+))在线粒体功能障碍及细胞损伤凋亡过程中发挥重要的细胞信号作用。近些年来关于Ca^(2+)通道以及其调控蛋白的研究越来越多,其中,线粒体单向转运体(uniporter)复合物的结构组成及其相关蛋白的分布特点成为主要研究热点。作为uniporter复合物中关键的通道蛋白,线粒体钙单向转运蛋白(mitochondrial calcium uniporter,MCU)可顺电化学梯度摄入Ca^(2+),将Ca^(2+)从胞质转运到线粒体基质并控制转运速率,其在胞内Ca^(2+)信号转导、Ca^(2+)稳态、线粒体能量代谢以及细胞凋亡方面具有重要意义。识别调控线粒体内Ca^(2+)信号的MCU及其相关蛋白可深入阐明线粒体应激在相关疾病中的发生发展,并为进一步的疾病治疗提供理论依据。As a cell signal, calcium ion （Ca^2＋） plays a significant role in mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis. In recent years, among the increasing amount of studies about Ca^2＋ channels and its related regulatory proteins, the structure of mitochondrial uniporter complex and the distribution of its related proteins have become a major focus. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter （MCU）, as a pivotal channel protein in the uniporter complex, transfers Ca^2＋ from cytoplasm to mitochondrial matrix and controls its rate by electrochemical gradient. It has great significance in intracellular Ca^2＋ signal transduction, Ca^2＋ homeostasis, mitochondrial energy metabolism and apoptosis. Identifying MCU and its regulatory proteins not only illuminates the occurrence and development of mitochondrial oxidative stress in related diseases, but also provides important theoretical references for further treatment.

关 键 词：线粒体钙单向转运体(MCU) 氧化应激 线粒体 钙离子 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]