正渗透膜处理源分离尿液效能与工艺运行特性  

Efficiency and Operation Performance of Forward Osmosis Membrane in Source-separated Urine Treatment

作　　者：刘乾亮[1] 刘彩虹[1] 马军[1] 刘惠玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院城市水资源与环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2016年第9期16-19,共4页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：高等学校科技创新工程重大项目培育基金资助项目(705013);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划项目(PS13H05)

摘　　要：采用正渗透膜处理实际尿液,以Na Cl溶液为汲取液,考察了不同汲取液浓度下膜通量的变化规律、正渗透膜对尿液中污染物的截留效果以及清洗后膜通量的恢复情况。结果表明:提高汲取液浓度可以大幅度地提升膜通量,同时,正渗透膜对尿液中的污染物具有很好的截留作用,对总有机碳、总氮和氨氮的截留率均可达到98.5%以上。运行后仅采用去离子水清洗15 min膜通量就可以恢复90%以上,说明正渗透膜具有很好的抗污染性和可恢复性,可用于源分离尿液的浓缩和处理。The forward osmosis membrane was used for the treatment of real human urine. Different concentrations of NaCl solutions were employed as the draw solutions. The transmembrane fluxes, rejection rates of contaminants and flux recovery at different NaCl concentrations in the draw solutions were studied. The results showed that the transmembrane flux increased significantly with increasing the concentrations of draw solution. Meanwhile, forward osmosis membrane revealed high rejection of contaminants in human urine. The rejection rates of total organic carbon, total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen could all reach above 98.5%. The deionized water was used for cleaning membrane surface for 15 min, and more than 90% of the membrane flux was recovered. It is demonstrated that forward osmosis mere- brane has high fouling resistance and recoverability, and promising for source treatment of human urine.

关 键 词：正渗透 尿液 膜通量 截留率 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]