沈阳地区吸虫塔监测大豆蚜迁飞动态及其与气象因子关系的分析  

Migration quantitative dynamic of Aphis glycines in the suction trap monitor and the relationships with meteorological factors in Shenyang

作　　者：徐蕾[1] 钟涛[1] 赵彤华[1] 许国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院植物保护研究所,沈阳110161

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2016年第2期365-372,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：国家公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201103022)

摘　　要：【目的】明确沈阳地区吸虫塔对大豆蚜Aphis glycines(Matsumura)迁飞活动的监测效果以及对其有显著影响的气象因素,为大豆蚜防控提供预警信息。【方法】2009年至2014年采用吸虫塔(Suction trap)对大豆蚜的迁飞活动进行自动、实时监测。结合当年田间大豆蚜动态调查,分析吸虫塔诱捕量与田间蚜量的相关性;采用逐步回归分析研究了吸虫塔诱捕量与气象因素的关系。【结果】监测及分析结果表明,吸虫塔诱捕量与田间大豆蚜量之间存在显著的相关性。吸虫塔诱捕的始见期和首次高峰期均早于田间发生的大豆蚜始见期和盛发期,吸虫塔的监测结果对田间蚜虫的发生可以起到预警的作用。诱捕量与气象因子的逐年回归模型分析结果显示,温度和降水量是影响大豆蚜有翅蚜迁飞的重要气象因素;总回归模型显示,试验期间,吸虫塔当年度诱捕量与前一年度冬季极端最低温、4—6月均温、6—7月最低温、9月均温具有正相关同步协同作用,而与6—7月降雨量和9月雨日具有负相关反向抑制作用。【结论】吸虫塔监测结果比较清晰的展示了大豆蚜的迁飞习性,很好的拟合了当年田间大豆蚜的种群动态。结合气象因子和诱捕量的预测模型研究,为吸虫塔及时准确的发挥预警功能提供必要的理论指导和实践依据。[Objectives] To determine the effectiveness of suction trap in monitoring the migration of Aphis glycines and indicate the key meteorological factors in early warning of outbreaks of A. glycines. [Methods] The suction trap was used to automatically and real-time monitor A. glycines in conjunction from 2009 to 2014. The relativity between the numbers of A. glycines caught in suction trap and in the field was analyzed. Their relationship based on trapped quantity and meteorological factors was studied by stepwise regression analysis. [Results] The results show that the trapped quantity was significantly correlated with the number of aphids in the field. The first appearance period and the peak period of the capture in suction trap were both earlier than those in the field, The monitor results of suction trap can be uased as a previous warning for the occurrence of aphids in the field. According to the forecasting regression model of the trapped quantity about the meteorological factors, temperature and rainfall are important factors that affect the migration of A. glycines. With the reflection to the general regression model, the trapped quantity is positively related to extreme low temperature in the previous year, average temperature from April to June, minimum temperature from June to July and average temperature in September, while it is negatively related to the rainfall from June to July, rainfall days in September. [Conclusion] Suction trap clearly demonstrates migratory habits of A. glycines, which is a good way to measure A. glycines population dynamics in the field. Prediction model of meteorological factors on trapped quantity could provide for theoretical guidance and practical basis to exert suction trap in time, sufficiently and accurately.

关 键 词：吸虫塔 大豆蚜 气象因子 回归模型 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]