广西消除疟疾行动计划中期评估报告  

Mid-term assessment report of Malaria Elimination Action Plan in Guangxi

作　　者：黎军[1] 杨益超[1] 张伟尉[1] 韦树娇[1] 林康明[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2016年第4期305-310,共6页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：中国全球基金疟疾项目(No.CHN-S10-G13-M)

摘　　要：广西曾是我国历史上四大高疟区之一,也曾是恶性疟和间日疟严重流行区。建国前部分地区居民脾肿率3%~58%,疟原虫阳性率7.1%~84.9%,年病例数在500万以上。1952—1958年全广西发病人数12.5万~54万,发病率68.08/万~103.88/万。1954年成立广西自治区卫生防疫站,1958年成立寄生虫病防治研究所,各地市县卫生防疫站设置寄生虫病防治科（组）,疟疾防治得以全面开展。1980年起发热病人血检成为发现传染源主要技术手段,血检覆盖至村屯,覆盖率不低于95%,当年全广西发病率降至4.76/万。1990年至1999年,广西报告病例11 557例,本地病例5 735例,发病率降至不足万分之一（1999年,0.95/万）;2000年广西继续实施基本消灭疟疾及巩固成果策略,至2008年109个市县均达到部颁基本消灭疟疾标准,2000—2009报告病例2 122例,本地病例289例,病例数较上个10年下降81.64%,内源性病例下降94.96%。2010年《中国消除疟疾行动计划（2010—2020年）》实施以来,在自治区各级党政及卫生计生等有关部门领导下,防治工作得以加强。针对以输入性病例为主且逐年快速增长特点,主要加强了三个方面的措施,一是广泛开展涉疟临床医生诊疗培训,同时巩固市、县、乡疟原虫镜检能力;二是开展全民健康教育,侧重外出务工人员较多的地区,提高民众对疟疾了解,改善就医依从性;三是对返乡人员全员筛查,掌握一人,筛查一人,随访一人,早发现早治疗。2010—2015年,除2012年出现1例内源性病例外,其余2 068例为输入性,发病率继续控制在1/10万以下,期间在2013年广西上林县出现输入性聚集性疫情暴发,经精心组织,科学防治,实现了无二代和死亡病例发生。至2016年1月,全广西所有县均已通过消除考核。Guangxi was one of four regions in south China with high prevalence of malaria as well as Plasmodiumvivax and Plasmodium falciparum in history. Before 1949, there were more than 5 million malaria patients per year with 3% to58% of patients with enlarged spleen, and 7.1% to 84.9% of patients were Plasmodium positive. Between 1952 and 1958, atotal of 125 to 540 thousand cases were reported with an incidence of 68.08/10 000 to 103.88/10 000. Guangxi ProvincialEpidemic Prevention Station was established in 1954, the Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases as well as correspondinginstitutions in prefecture level cities and counties was set up in 1958, and malaria control has been carried out comprehensivelyever since. Since 1980, the microscopic examination has been widely used as the main measure to detect malaria cases with thecoverage extended to more than 95% villages, and the malaria incidence dropped to 4.76/10 000 in 1980. From 1990 to 1999, atotal of 11 557 cases were reported with 5 735 cases indigenous, and the incidence reduced to less than 1/10 000（0.95/10 000）in 1999. Guangxi continued to implement＂Basically Eliminating Malaria＂strategy in 2000, and all of 109 cities and countiesmet the criteria of＂Basically Eliminating Malaria＂in 2008. Between 2000 and 2009, a total of 2 122 cases were reported with289 cases indigenous, and the number of total and indigenous cases reduced by 81.64% and 94.96% respectively incomparison to last decade. Since the launch of＂Action Plan of Malaria Elimination（2010-2020）＂in 2010, under leadership ofprovincial government and corresponding departments, malaria prevention and control has been enhanced. Three measureswere intensified based on the fast increase of imported cases as the major source of malaria, first, to train clinician for malariatest and control, and maintain microscopic examination capability in counties and villages; second, to conduct health educationto the general public, especially in areas with more migrant workers to raise their level

关 键 词：消除疟疾 广西 中期评估 报告 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]