稻壳生物质资源利用技术研究进展  

Research progress of rice husk utilization technologies

作　　者：何文修[1] 张智亮[1] 计建炳[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学化学工程学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《化工进展》2016年第5期1366-1376,共11页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21406198);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ14B060003)项目

摘　　要：稻壳是一种产量巨大的农业废弃物,直接丢弃或掩埋不但会造成资源浪费更会引起环境污染。稻壳中含有丰富的Si O_2、纤维素、半纤维素和木质素等。资源化利用是稻壳有效利用的发展方向和趋势。本文综述了近年来国内外稻壳资源化利用的研究进展。根据稻壳的特性,将资源化利用方式分为能源化利用、工业化利用及农业化利用,并对其研究现状进行了介绍。重点阐述了稻壳在气化制备可燃气、热裂解制备生物油、改性制备吸附剂、合成分子筛、制备催化剂载体、生产白炭黑与活性炭、水解制备糠醛、木聚糖、低聚木糖及发酵制备饲料等方面的研究进展,同时对其发展方向和趋势进行了展望,指出最大限度控制成本将成为稻壳资源化利用实现工业化的重要因素。Rice husk,is abundantly available in rice-producing countries as an agricultural residue. If rick husk is improperly handled,it will cause environment pollution as well as waste of resources. The main components of rice husk are silica,cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin. The utilization of rick husk as a renewable resource for the production of various products has been a meaningful research topic for decades. Based on the characteristics of rice husk,the utilization methods can be divided into energy,industrial and agricultural utilization. This paper reviews the current research progress of rice husk utilization technologies. From rice husk,a large variety of high value products can be produced,such as bio-gas,bio-oil,adsorbents,catalyst supports,silica,activated carbon,furfural,xylan,xylo-oligosaccharides and animal feeds. The future prospects related to the utilization of rice husk are addressed. The main challenge for rice husk utilization is to reduce the manufacturing cost.

关 键 词：生物质 生物能源 吸附剂 催化剂载体 

分 类 号：TQ041.8[化学工程]