福建山药地方品种表型性状的遗传多样性研究  

Phenotypic Genetic Diversity Research on Dioscorea Landraces of Fujian Province

作　　者：李丽红[1] 华树妹[1] 陈芝华[1] 雷伏贵[1] 曹奕鸯[1] 

机构地区：[1]三明市农业科学研究院药用植物研究所,福建沙县365051

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第2期257-262,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家星火计划项目(2011GA720020);福建省自然科学基金项目(2012J01421);福建省自然科学基金项目(2014J01381)

摘　　要：研究福建山药地方品种表型性状的遗传多样性,旨在为山药种质资源的收集保存、鉴定评价、分类以及利用研究提供科学依据。本研究以72份福建山药地方品种资源为研究对象,对其7个数量性状、12个质量性状进行遗传多样性分析,同时采用WPGMA法对资源进行分类。研究表明：7个数量性状的变异系数在13.75%~42.39%之间,平均为33.17%,以块茎直径变异系数较大,叶形指数较小;12个质量性状的遗传多样性指数在0.738 3~1.568 3之间,平均为1.017 3,以叶片质地较高,零余子有无和开花与否较低;通过聚类分析,将所有资源分为薯蓣、褐苞薯蓣、山薯和参薯四个类群。结果显示：福建山药地方品种资源表型性状差异明显,变异幅度大,遗传多样性丰富,且以褐苞薯蓣和参薯为主要栽培类型。To study the phenotypic diversity of Dioscorea germplasm resources in Fujian Province,the aims of this research was to provide scientific basis for collection,survey and evaluation,classification and utilization research of Dioscorea germplasm resources. Seventy-two Dioscorea landraces of Fujian Province were studied in this research,7 numerical characteristics and 12 quantitative characteristics were analyzed and the WPGMA method was adopted to classify resources. The results showed that the coefficient of variation ranged from 13. 75% ~ 42. 39%,the average coefficient of variation was 33. 17%in the 7 numerical characteristics,the largest coefficient of variation was the diameter of tuber,the smallest coefficient of variation was index of leaf shape. In the 12 quantitative characteristics,the genetic diversity index ranged from 0. 738 3 ~ 1. 568 3 with the average of 1. 017 3,the largest diversity index values were the texture of leaf and the smallest diversity index were bulbil or not and blossom or not. The clustering analysis showed that all the resources could be divided into 4 groups Dioscorea opposita,D.persimilis,D. fordii and D. alata. The results showed that there was remarkably difference in phenotypic of Dioscorea landraces in Fujian Province,the range of variation was wide,genetic diversity was ample,and the primary cultivated varieties was D. persimilis and D. alatain Fujian region.

关 键 词：山药 地方品种 表型性状 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S632.103.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]