渐扩变截面通道对会切磁场推力器性能的影响  

Effect of diverging variable-cross-section channel on performance of a cusped field thruster

作　　者：陈蓬勃[1] 刘辉[1] 胡鹏[1] 孙强强[1] 于达仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学等离子体推进实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国空间科学技术》2016年第2期74-80,共7页Chinese Space Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11505041;11275055);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金(51421063)

摘　　要：为了改善会切磁场推力器在低功率下对中低等流量变化的不适应性,采用了一种渐扩的变截面通道设计来提升推力器中低等流量下的性能,对比了两种等截面通道与一种渐扩通道在中低等流量下的性能。虽然渐扩通道与小直径的等截面通道相比,会略微降低通道内的原子密度,但渐扩通道由于减小了出口离子能量损失,同时增大磁镜比促进电离,从而能够提升推力器在同等推力水平下的效率。而大直径等截面通道和小直径等截面通道分别由于原子密度过低及壁面损失较大,性能均不如渐扩通道。因此,渐扩型变截面通道在中低等流量变化范围内具有更优的性能,这对推力器性能的进一步优化具有重要意义。The adaptability of cusped field thruster changes with different operating conditions,especially with different efficiencies,which changes a lot at different gas flow rates.To overcome this problem,a diverging variable-cross-section channel was proposed to improve the performance of cusped field thrusters at low and middle gas flow rate.Meanwhile, two constant-section channels with a big diameter and a small diameter respectively were introduced to be compared with the diverging channel. Although the diverging channel may cause a little decline in the atom density compared to the smallconstant-section channel,the diverging channel improves the efficiency at both low and middle gas flow rates on the premise of providing a considerable thrust,because it decreases the energy loss of ions at exit and promotes ionization by improving the magnetic mirror ratio.In comparison,both the big constant-section channel and the small constant-section channel have low performances due to a lower density of gas and a bigger wall loss.Therefore,a diverging channel is beneficial to improving the performance of a cusped field thruster at low and middle gas flow rate.

关 键 词：会切磁场推力器 渐扩变截面通道 中低等流量 直接模拟蒙特卡洛 

分 类 号：V430[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]