2012-2015年广州地区人冠状病毒及其亚型流行病学特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of human coronavirus and its subtypes from 2012 to 2015 in Guangzhou

作　　者：张素粉[1,2] 徐霖[2,3,4] 罗虹娇 庹玖玲 张甜[1,2] 曹开源[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学临床检验标准化研究中心,广东广州510080 [2]中山大学中山医学院微生物教研室,广东广州510080 [3]中山大学热带病防治研究教育部重点实验室,广东广州510080 [4]广东省重大传染病预防和控制中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2016年第4期430-433,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家重大传染病防治科技重大项目(2012ZX10004-213)

摘　　要：目的对2012-2015年广州地区发热呼吸道感染患者中人冠状病毒（HCoV）及亚型进行监测,分析其流行特征,为HCoV的预防和监控提供参考依据。方法收集2012年7月至2015年7月期间广州地区14家哨点医院符合标准的发热呼吸道感染病人的咽拭子标本,采用Real-time PCR方法进行HCoV及亚型检测,对HCoV阳性标本同时检测其它7种呼吸道病毒以了解混合感染情况;检测结果采用SPSS17.0统计分析,Excel作图表,结合病例信息,从人口学特征、年龄、季节、性别等方面对HCoV及亚型的流行特征进行分析。结果 2012-2015年间共收集了5 519份咽拭子标本,其中HCoV阳性病例174份,检出率为3.15%。住院病例检出率明显高于门急诊病例,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=9.432,P〈0.05）;男女之间发病率差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0.848,P〉0.05）;感染发病高峰出现在冬夏两季,各季节发病率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=29.352,P〈0.05）;以41~66岁年龄组检出率最高为4.05%,各年龄段发病率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=5 519.000,P〈0.05）。亚型229E、OC43、NL63和HKU1检出分别为32例（0.58%）、92例（1.67%）、30例（0.54%）和19例（0.34%）,HKU1和OC43同时感染1例,未检测到SARS和MERS亚型。阳性病例中51例发生混合感染,3例为三重感染,48例为二重感染,以混合流感为主。结论 2012-2015年广州地区HCoV流行高峰在冬夏两季,主要感染50岁以上的中老年人,因此要加强中老年人冬夏季节的防护,预防以HCoV感染导致的住院率和混合感染增高。Objective To Monitor the prevalence of human coronavirus（HCoV） in patients with fever respiratory infection from 2012-2015 in Guangzhou, analyze the epidemiological feature of HCoV and provide a reference for the prevention and care of HCoV in future. Methods The pharyngeal swabs of patients with respiratory tract infection from 14 hospitals from July2012 to July 2015 in Guangzhou were collected. HCoV and subtypes were detected with Real-time PCR. For the HCoV positive samples, another seven respiratory viruses were also tested to analyze the co-infection conditions. The results were analyzed by SPSS17.0 statistical software and the charts were drawn by Excel. The demographic characteristics and detection rates for different gender, age, season were described. Results 5 519 pharyngeal swabs were collected from 2012 to 2015, 174 samples were HCoV positive with the detection rate of 3.15%. The detection rate of inpatients was significantly higher than that of outpatients; differences were statistical significance（χ~2=9.432,P〈0.05）; there was no significant statistical differences of detection rate between men and women（χ~2=0.848,P〈0.05）. HCoV infection outbreak occured in winter and summer,differences were statistical significance（χ~2=29.352,P〈0.05）. In all ages, 41~66 years old age group had the highest detection rate of 4.05%, differences were statistical significance（χ~2=5 519.000,P〈0.05）. 229 E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1 were detected respectively for 32 cases（0.58%）, 92 cases（1.67%）, 30 cases（0.54%）, 19 cases（0.34%） and 1 case（0.02%） was HKU1 and OC43 co-infection; SARS and MERS were not detected. There were 51 cases of co-infection, 3 cases were triple infection and 48 cases were double infection, gave priority to with mixed influenza. Conclusion HCoV epidemic peak mainly occurred in winter and summer. Older than 50 years old was the high risk group from 2012 to 2015 in Guangzhou. Prevention and care of the elderly in summer and winter need to be strengthened to

关 键 词：急性呼吸道感染 人冠状病毒 混合感染 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]