基于SRAP分子标记的苦楝种质资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity of Germplasm Resources of Melia azedarach Revealed by SRAP Markers

作　　者：廖柏勇[1] 王芳[1] 陈丽君[1] 刘明骞[1] 欧阳昆唏[1] 阙青敏[1] 惠文凯 李培[2] 陈晓阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院广东省森林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,广州510642 [2]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《林业科学》2016年第4期48-58,共11页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新项目(2011KJCX002)

摘　　要：【目的】利用相关序列扩增多态性（SRAP）分子标记对来自17个省（区）的31个苦楝种源进行遗传多样性分析,为苦楝种质资源的保存和育种计划的制订提供依据。【方法】通过SRAP分子标记获得1/0数据矩阵,计算SRAP分子标记各项遗传参数,同时进行分子方差分析（AMOVA）。随后计算遗传距离矩阵并进行主坐标分析（PCo A）、邻接法聚类分析（Neighbour-Joining）以及遗传距离和地理距离Mantel相关性分析。【结果】从783对SRAP引物中筛选出的20对引物可扩增出257条清晰的条带,其中145条具有多态性。引物多态性信息指数（PIC）为0.262~0.478,均值为0.385。PIC值较高的10对引物,可扩增出56条特异多态带,可以作为快速鉴别苦楝种源的工具。AMOVA结果显示,38.96%的遗传变异来源于种源间,61.04%的遗传变异来源于种源内。山区的贵州册亨和黎平,云南勐腊和麻栗坡,湖南东安、炎陵和浏阳,四川达州,河北保定,安徽滁州种源的遗传多样性高于其他种源。邻接聚类法根据Nei’s遗传距离将31个种源分为东西2类,西部云南、四川、贵州和甘肃的8个种源构成类群Ⅰ,其他地区的23个种源构成东部类群Ⅱ。类群Ⅱ中北方的济南、保定、泰安、渭南和许昌5个种源聚为一小类,华南地区的屯昌、五指山、钦州和仁化种源聚为一小类,其他相邻和相近的种源大多聚在一起。PCo A分析的种源间双标图结果与邻接法聚类结果基本一致。种源内双标图显示相同种源内的单株大都聚在一起,且种源间和种源内双标图总体分布大体一致。Mantel检验结果表明,种源间遗传距离和地理距离相关性显著（r=0.256,P=0.003）。【结论】SRAP分子标记可以准确、有效地用于苦楝遗传多样性分析。苦楝遗传变异主要来源于种源内,而种源间基因交流有限。种源遗传多样性整体偏低,而部分山区种源遗传多样性较高。在选择高【Objective】This study was aimed to analyze genetic diversity of 31 provenances of Melia azedarach from 17 provinces in China by Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism（ SRAP） molecular markers,and to provide a basis for conservation of germplasm resources and breeding of M. azedarach. 【Method】We obtained SRAP 1 /0 matrix via SRAP molecular markers,calculated the parameters of SRAP molecular markers,and conducted analysis of molecular variance（ AMOVA）. Then we computed the genetic distance matrix of SRAP data,and carried out principal coordinate analysis（ PCo A）,Neighbour-Joining cluster analysis and Mantel＇s test for the correlation between genetic distance matrix and geographic distance matrix. 【Result】20 pairs of primer combinations,screened from 783 pairs of primer combinations,amplified 257 clear bands,of which 145 were polymorphic. The polymorphism information content（ PIC） values ranged from 0. 262 to 0. 478,with an average value of 0. 385. The screened 10 primer combinations with the highest PIC values could distinguish almost all of the populations,so that they could be used to identify provenances of M. azedarach rapidly.The results of analysis of molecular variance（ AMOVA） indicated that 38. 96% genetic variation is derived from among populations and 61. 04% is derived from within populations. Mountain provenances GZ2 and GZ3 from Guizhou,YN1 and YN2 from Yunnan,HUN1,HUN2 and HUN3 from Hunan,SC2 from Sichuan,HEB from Hebei,and AH from Anhui displayed higher genetic diversity than other provenances did. The Neighbour-Joining cluster analysis and principal coordinates analysis displayed similar results,31 M. azedarach provenances were clustered into east and west groups.Provenances of Cluster Ⅰ were distributed along the west of China,including provenances from Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan and Gansu,and cluster Ⅱ contained other 23 provenances that were distributed in the east of China. Within the cluster Ⅱ,SD1,HEB,SD2,SX,and GS provenances from north area were clustered

关 键 词：苦楝 SRAP 遗传多样性 亲缘关系 

分 类 号：S718.46[农业科学—林学] S718.54