东亚夏季风活动与不同类型云的相关性研究  

Relationships between East Asian Summer Monsoon Activities and Cloud Types

作　　者：寇雄伟 李昀英[1] 方乐锌 孙国荣[1] 高翠翠[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象海洋学院,南京211101

出　　处：《大气科学》2016年第3期463-475,共13页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：财政部/科技部公益类行业专项201306068;国家自然科学基金项目41475069;41075034;国家留学基金项目~~

摘　　要：利用1998-2007年候平均卫星—台站融合降水资料以及ISCCP（International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project）D1云资料,分别定义了标准降水指数和两类云指数。降水指数大值区的移动能很好的表征东亚夏季风活动,两类云指数能分别反映某个区域深对流云（DC）、高积云（Ac）和积云（Cu）云量的集中变化特征。根据不同地区降水集中时段以及降水量等气候特征,结合中国气候区划（温度带及干湿区）及不同地域的地形特征,把中国大陆受东亚夏季风影响的地区划分为五个子区域。利用ISCCP D1云气候资料和降水资料,在候时间尺度上通过分析降水与不同云类、标准降水指数与两类云指数的相关性研究了东亚夏季风活动与不同类型云的对应关系。研究表明：ISCCP定义的深对流云（DC）、卷层云（Cs）与降水量在五个区显著正相关,表明东亚夏季风活动伴随有大量的对流云及云砧出现;高积云（Ac）、积云（Cu）的总云量与降水量在五个区显著负相关,表明夏季风活动增强时,Ac和Cu云量减少;层云（St）和层积云（Sc）与降水量在南方和北方分别呈显著的负相关和正相关,说明季风活动在南方伴随着对流云的显著增加,在北方则使层状云和对流云均有所增加;高层云（As）、卷云（Ci）和雨层云（Ns）与季风活动没有显著的相关性。The standardized precipitation index and two types of cloud indices are defined based on the pentad averaged precipitation data and ISCCP（International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project） D1 cloud data from 1998 to 2007. It is found that the precipitation index is a good indicator of East Asian summer monsoon activities, and the cloud indices can reflect well the cloud amount of deep convection（DC）, altocumulus（Ac） and cumulus（Cu）. Based on the climate characteristics of precipitation, combined with the division of climate in China（temperature zones, wet and dry areas） and topography of different regions, the area of continental China influenced by the East Asian monsoon is divided into five sub-regions from south to north. Correlation between monsoon activities（MA） and cloud types, as well as the relationship between the precipitation index and two types of cloud indices are studied separately in five sub-regions on pentad time scales. It is found that DC and cirrostratus（Cs） have significant positive correlations with MA in the five sub-regions, indicating that the monsoon occurs mainly with convective cloud. Ac and Cu have significant negative correlations with MA, indicating the active stage of the summer monsoon with the produced Ac and Cu. Stratus（St） and stratocumulus（Sc） have strong positive correlations with MA in North China but negative correlations in South China, respectively, which shows the characteristic of convective cloud in South China and a mixture of convective cloud and stratiform cloud in North China. Altostratus（As）, cirrus（Ci） and nimbostratus（Ns） have no robust correlations with MA.

关 键 词：东亚夏季风 云类 云指数 相关性 

分 类 号：P466[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]