大功率电动摩托车驱动用高功率密度永磁同步电机损耗分析与计算  

Losses Analytical and Calculation of High Power Density Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors for High Power Electric Motorcycles

作　　者：陈学永[1] 刘力[1] 王晓远[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津内燃机研究所,天津300072 [2]天津大学电气与自动化工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《微电机》2016年第4期21-26,共6页Micromotors

摘　　要：高功率密度永磁同步电机由于其体积小、功率密度大、效率高、调速范围宽等诸多优点,特别适合作为大功率电动摩托车驱动电机。然而,大功率电动摩托车工况多变,作为大功率电动摩托车驱动电机,电机的负载以及转速变化剧烈,电机的损耗情况复杂。针对不同负载以及转速下的电机的电磁损耗计算显得尤为重要。本文以一台大功率电动摩托车用高密度永磁同步电机为例,基于对损耗的理论分析,利用时步有限元法,对不同负载下的电机铜耗,不同供电情况下的定转子铁耗以及永磁体涡流损耗进行了详细分析与计算。研究了变频器产生的时间谐波对铁耗以及永磁体涡流损耗的影响。随着转速的增加,时间谐波产生的附加铁耗占总铁耗的比例逐渐增大,电机高速运行时,附加铁耗是总铁耗的主要部分。时间谐波是产生永磁体涡流损耗的绝对因素。随着转速增加,附加涡流损耗的比例逐渐减小。本文的研究对高密度电机的效率分析、散热设计以及损耗优化提供了理论依据。High power density permanent magnet synchronous motors are especially suitable for high power electric motorcycle because of its small size,high power density,high efficiency and wide speed range.However,the working conditions of high power electric motorcycle are varied,as the electric vehicle drive motors,the load and the speed change acutely and the losses are complex. The calculation of electromagnetic losses of motors under different loads and speeds is extremely important. Based on the theoretical analysis of losses,a high power density permanent magnet motor for high power electric motorcycle was analyzed and calculated for its copper losses under different loads,iron losses and permanent magnet eddy losses under different power supplies,using time-stepping finite element method. The influence of time harmonic induced by inverters on the iron losses and permanent magnet eddy losses was studied. With the increase of the speed,the proportion of the additional iron losses induced by time harmonics are gradually increasing. When motors run at high speed,the additional iron losses are the main part of the total iron losses. The time harmonic is the absolute factor for producing permanent magnet eddy current losses. With the increase of the speed,the proportion of the additional eddy current losses is decreasing. The research of this paper provides theoretical basis for the efficiency analysis,heat dissipation design and loss optimization of high density motor.

关 键 词：电动摩托车 高功率密度 永磁同步电机 时步有限元 损耗 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机] TM341