清朝蒙古律“存留养亲”制度形成试探  

The Formation of the System of " Cun Liu Yang Qin" in the Regulations of Mongol in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：包思勤[1] 苏钦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学法学院

出　　处：《民族研究》2016年第1期98-106,125-126,共9页Ethno-National Studies

摘　　要：存留养亲制度是中原传统法律制度中体现儒家孝道文化的刑罚执行制度,是"礼法结合"的典型代表。清廷于嘉庆初年将其引入适用于外藩蒙古的蒙古律中,并在司法实践中运用。该制度的引入经历了从援引《大清律例》到于蒙古律中创设专条的过程。嘉庆朝初期,蒙古人的赡养习俗、刑罚观念以及此时期蒙古律的刑罚制度等条件的具备是蒙古律存留养亲制度形成的内在原因。清廷追求"法制统一"和稳固边疆统治的意愿则作为外部原因推动了该制度的形成。清廷在蒙古律中引入存留养亲制度时为适应外藩蒙古的社会环境和法律制度做了一定的变通。蒙古律存留养亲制度在实际运行中仍需援引《大清律例》的相关规定。The' Cun Liu Yang Qin'(存留养亲),a typical representative of the filial piety culture of Confucian and' Combination of Li and law'(礼 法 合 一),was a penalty execution system in the Chinese traditional legal system.In the early Jiaqing period,the government of the Qing Dynasty introduced this system into the RegulationsofMongol(蒙古律)which was applied to the Mongolia region and put it into the judicial practice.The introduction of' Cun Liu Yang Qin' had experienced a process from directly quoting the Da Qing Lu Li(大清律例)to setting up special articles in the Regulations of Mongol.There were three internal reasons that caused the formation of the system of' Cun Liu Yang Qin'in the Regulations of Mongol :Mongol's custom of parental support,concept of penalty of the Mongols and the change of penal system of the Regulations of Mongol.The intention to unify the legal system and strengthen the control of border areas of the Qing Dynasty was its external reason.When this system was introduced into the Regulations of Mongol,the Qing Dynasty had made some modulation to adapt the social environment and the legal system of the Mongolia region.In the actual operation,this system did not come into play without the quotation of the Da Qing Lu Li.

关 键 词：清朝 蒙古律 存留养亲 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] D929[历史地理—中国史]