基于饵料及敌害生物的莱州湾中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)与三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)增殖基础分析  

Analysis on the Reproduction of Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Portunus trituberculatus Based on Their Food Sources and Predators in the Laizhou Bay of China

作　　者：吴强[1] 金显仕[1,3] 栾青杉[1] 陈卫[2] 左涛[1] 陈瑞盛[1] 王俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业可持续利用重点实验室,山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [2]天津渤海水产研究所,天津300457 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,青岛266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2016年第2期1-9,9+8,共9页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201303050);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB453303);山东省泰山学者工程专项(2008-67)共同资助

摘　　要：根据2011年及2013年6个航次的调查,结合历史资料,统计分析了莱州湾中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)、三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)及二者敌害生物单位捕捞努力量渔获量(Catch per unit fishing effort,CPUE)的长期变化,研究了目前二者的饵料生物密度以及饵料生物与敌害生物的数量分布。结果显示,目前中国对虾、三疣梭子蟹以及二者敌害生物的CPUE均呈历史低位水平。放流期间,莱州湾浮游植物饵料等级为Ⅴ级(很丰富),底栖动物饵料等级为Ⅳ级(丰富);中国对虾的饵料生物密度分别以莱州湾东北部(5月)和中东部(6月)最高,敌害生物密度分别以中西部(5月)和东南部(6月)最高;三疣梭子蟹的饵料生物密度均以莱州湾西南部和东北部最高,敌害生物密度分别以中西部(5月)和西北部(6月)最高。In this study we analyzed the long-term variation of CPUE（catch per unit fishing effort） of Fenneropenaeus chinensis, Portunus trituberculatus and their predators in the Laizhou Bay of China. We also investigated the density and distribution of their food organisms and predators. Data were collected from 6 surveys in 2011 and 2013 and from previous records. We found that the present CPUE of F. chinensis, P. trituberculatus and their predators all largely decreased. During the releasing period, the food rankings of phytoplankton and macrobenthic animals were Ⅴ（very rich） and Ⅳ（rich） respectively. The density of food organisms for F. chinensis was the highest in the Northeast of the Laizhou Bay in May and in the Middle East in June. The density of predators of F. chinensis was the highest in the Middle West in May and in the Southeast in June. In May and June the density of food organisms for P. trituberculatus was the highest in the Southwest and Northeast. The density of predators of P. trituberculatus was the highest in the Middle West in May and in the Northwest in June.

关 键 词：中国对虾 三疣梭子蟹 CPUE 敌害 饵料 莱州湾 

分 类 号：S932.5[农业科学—渔业资源]