降落伞附加质量的计算方法  

Calculation Methods of Added Mass of Parachute

作　　者：黄伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国防科学技术大学,长沙410073 [2]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2016年第2期42-50,共9页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

基　　金：国家重大科技专项工程

摘　　要：降落伞开伞充气过程中,伞衣的载荷是一个重要的参数。伞衣载荷的计算主要利用伞衣阻力特征变化和附加质量方法,建立起物伞系统动力学方程,求解出开伞充气过程的载荷变化。因此,附加质量计算的精确程度直接影响了整个开伞载荷的准确性。过去对于附加质量的研究是基于理想伞衣形状假设下,采用附加质量系数的计算方法,但并未开展附加质量系数的具体确定方法研究。文章对降落伞附加质量进行了研究,包括对降落伞附加质量的概念进行了说明,对降落伞附加质量的数值计算方法进行了初步的探讨,重点介绍了当前国际上常用的工程计算方法,包括内含质量计算法、充气半径计算法等。通过对不同工程计算方法进行比较分析,得出充气半径计算法可计算径向附加质量和轴向附加质量,对于设计人员而言具备较好的应用价值。The canopy force is an important parameter of the parachute opening process. Calculating canopy force is based on drag character performance of the canopy and added mass method, by modeling recovery system dynamic equation, and computing the load change during parachute opening. Thus, the precision of the added mass is crucial for the parachute opening force calculation. In the past, the researching added mass was based on the assumption of ideally inflated canopy shape, using the added mass coefficient method, however, the research of the establish method of the added mass coefficient has never been developed. This paper gives a description of the added mass of parachute, including its concept, spacecraft-parachute system motion equation, numerical calculation, and two engineering calculation methods for canopy added mass i.e. inner mass method and inflation radius method. Through the comparison between the two engineering calculation methods, the inflation radius method can be used to calculate the radial and axial added mass of parachute, so it is better to use the method to determine the added mass for engineer.

关 键 词：降落伞 气动减速 附加质量 返回技术 

分 类 号：V244.216[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]