北京妙峰山优质玫瑰生产基地的土壤微形态特征  

Micromorphological Characteristics of Soil for Production Base of High Quality Rose in Miaofeng Mountain of Beijing

作　　者：刘颖[1] 王数[1] 张凤荣[1] 杨震[1] 王瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《土壤学报》2016年第3期636-645,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项项目(2008FY110600);中国农业大学自选课题(G203033)资助~~

摘　　要：通过对北京妙峰山优质玫瑰生产基地土壤薄片的观察,利用土壤切片图像处理分析系统和image-pro plus 6.0等软件对图像进行处理和分析,从土壤微结构、有机物质、粗骨颗粒和孔隙等方面进行定性和定量研究,并选择北京凤凰岭林地土壤剖面进行对比分析。结果表明:土壤微形态特征主要受下伏基岩岩性和地质构造的影响;与凤凰岭剖面相比,北京妙峰山玫瑰生产基地的土壤结构发育良好,以黏结型基质和中度分离亚棱角块状微结构为主;妙峰山剖面有机物质来源丰富,其各个土层的有机物质频率均高于凤凰岭剖面,生物活动剧烈;妙峰山剖面土壤的粗骨颗粒平均粒径较小,在17μm以下,磨圆程度较高;妙峰山剖面各个土层总孔隙百分比虽然小于凤凰岭剖面的对应土层,但堆叠型孔隙较多,孔隙间相互连通性好,土层储水保水效果更好,有利于妙峰山玫瑰独特品质的形成。Farmers in Miaofeng Mountain,Mentougou District of Beijing have been growing red rose for over 500 years. The red rose growing there is famous the world over for its bright color,strong flavor taste,high oil content,excellent quality and high economic value. Currently,the area has a total of about 460 hm2 dedicated to rose cultivation and produces about 100 000 kg of roses annually. Fresh roses are used for extraction of rose essential oil and production of rose syrup cordial for export. However,it is very hard to extend control of the rose,because roses were once cultivated in Phoenix Hill,not so high in quality. To explore differences between the soils in Miaofeng Mountain and Phoenix Hill in soil morphological feature,soil slices were prepared out of the soils of the two areas for comparison and analysis with the soil slice image processing and analysis system and the software of image-pro plus 6.0,qualitatively and quantitatively from the aspects of soil microstructure,organic matter,skeleton particles and soil pores. Results show that the soil of the rose gardens in Miaofeng Mountain is better developed in soil structure than that in Phoenix Hill,dominated with bonded matrix and microstructure of moderately separated subangular blocks;The former has rich sources of organic matter and is higher than the latter in distribution frequency of organic matter in all layers,and hence much higher in bio-activity;comparison of the soil profile in Miaofeng Mountain with that in Phoenix Hill shows that the skeleton particles in the former were smaller in particle size,on average 17 μm,but higher in psephicity than those in the latter;Though the total porocity in the former was lower than the latter in all layers,the former has more stack pores that are well connected and facilitate to storage of water in the soil. Comparison of the two also shows that human activities do not have much effect on soil micromorphology. It is the differentiation between the two areas in geological condition that makes the two different in

关 键 词：土壤微形态 玫瑰 妙峰山 北京 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]