集体欢腾与大型集群活动踩踏风险——以上海外滩拥挤踩踏事件为例  

Collective Effervescence and Large Clusters Stampede Risk

作　　者：王伯承[1] 田雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学

出　　处：《社会建设》2016年第3期67-74,共8页Social Construction

摘　　要：现代风险弥漫的社会如何整合,这是社会秩序何以可能的时代发问。在传统社会,涂尔干提出了"集体欢腾"的概念,意指在集体意识的凝合下,社会秩序得以形成。然而,"集体欢腾"行动在风险社会背景下的逻辑路向却是:随着个体化意识的增强和社会成员自主性的提高,社会个体在脱离了传统社会形式庇护的情势下,集体欢腾被置于一种"悬浮"的状态,原有的社会秩序不复存在,集体欢腾进而演变为一触即发的社会风险。回顾上海外滩的踩踏事件,我们在反思制度缺失的同时,更应注意到个体化带来的社会失序问题。而现代性语境中新型社会共同体的重建,或许能够实现风险处境中"失范"的个体重新纳入社会秩序的可能。How to integrate the highly individualized society？ This is a Hobbes Order problem reappearing in thecontemporary society. Durkheim proposed “collective effervescence”, which refers to the establishment of socialorder in the condensed collective consciousness. In the risk society background, individuals are chasing afterthe autonomous lifestyle by living for themselves, which is separated from the traditional social forms’ shelter.Therefore, collective effervescence is placed in a disorderly suspending state. Taking Shanghai stampede for example, the collective effervescence that originalty produced social order brought catastrophic stampede. Thisarticle proposed that people should focus more on social disorder problems caused by individualization whilerethinking profoundly the system deficiencies. And rebuilding the social community may be able to bring thepossibility for social order recovery from anomie in the risk society.

关 键 词：集体欢腾 社会秩序 个体化 风险社会 社会失序 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]