新集体 论刘家琨的成都西村大院  

The New Collectivity Liu Jiakun's Big Yard at Chengdu

作　　者：朱涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]香港大学

出　　处：《时代建筑》2016年第2期86-97,共12页Time + Architecture

摘　　要：文章通过三个方面分析了刘家琨的成都西村大院:(1)周边街廓形态/类型。文章将大院放在全球城市设计史的脉络中,检视它与各种城市传统之间的直接、间接的关系,包括它与欧洲周边街廓、中国院落,以及一些后现代建筑师如克里尔、斯特林、罗西的作品的比较;(2)集体语言。文章将大院运用的多种形式语言分为功能主义和象征主义两组,并进一步分析刘家琨如何在每一组语言内部有意设置精英和草根两种不同的审美趋向,以生成形式表现的张力和丰富性;(3)民居-纪念碑两重性。立足中国当代文化语境,文章回顾了刘家琨的一系列近期作品,认为大院是他持续探索蕴含集体价值的建筑实践的一个里程碑之作。大院有着独特的两重性,既倾向于成为一个中性、无名,退为城市背景的民居,又是一个跃为前景,欢呼集体价值和城市生活的纪念碑。This essay analyzes three aspects of the West Village Basis Yard recently built by Liu Jiakun： （1） The morphology/typology of perimeter blocks. Situating the Big Yard against a global history of urban design, the essay examines the building＇s direct and indirect connections with the various urban traditions, including the European perimeter blocks and Chinese courtyard housing, as well as with a set of postmodern projects produced by Leon Krier, James Stirling and Aldo Rossi; （2） The languages of the collective. After categorizing the multiple languages applied in the Big Yard into two groups--the functionalism and symbolism, the essay examines further how Liu has deliberately set up two opposing esthetic tendencies, namely the elitist and grassroots ones, within each group of the languages, to eventually generate the high tension and richness of his formal expression;（3） The duality of the housing-monument. After reviewing a series of Liu＇s recent works within China＇s contemporary cultural context, the essay concludes that the Big Yard marks a milestone in Liu＇s persistent search for an architecture that embodies the collective values. The building possesses an unusual double character： it oscillates between a neutral, anonymous housing that sets back as an urban background and a singular monument that stands out to celebrate the collective values and city life.

关 键 词：刘家琨 西村大院 周边街廓 院落住宅 集体性 客观性 功能主义 象征主义 类型学 民居与纪念碑 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]