云南省自动气象站土壤湿度数据质量控制  

Quality Control and Analysis of in Situ Soil Moisture Data in Yunnan

作　　者：蓝盈[1] 郑有飞[1,2] 段长春[3] 尹继福[1] 吴荣军[2] 黄图南 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学/中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学/江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室,南京210044 [3]云南省气象科学研究所,昆明650034

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2016年第2期230-238,共9页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：中国气象局干旱气象科学研究基金项目(IAM201101);中国气象局小型基建项目"农业干旱监测预报与农情分析业务系统建设"

摘　　要：土壤湿度是控制陆地和大气间水分和能量交换过程的重要变量,而自动气象站观测是获取地表土壤湿度的主要手段。地表自动气象站观测的准确性能够直接影响其应用效果,因此,开展自动气象站土壤湿度质量控制分析具有重要意义。基于2010—2014年云南省37个自动气象站土壤湿度数据,采用谱分析方法,以观测值及其Savitzky-Golay二次导数的平均值、均方差、变化率等统计量为判据,筛选剔除了观测数据中的随机噪声、异常峰值和异常平稳值。结果表明:云南省自动气象站观测数据均有缺测,两种异常值中,异常平稳值占绝大部分。与降水时间序列对比发现,不同降水强度下各层土壤湿度变化存在一定差异,砂质土站点对降水的响应最为明显,黏质土站点雨后土壤湿度变化幅度最小。Soil moisture is a variable that plays a crucial role in the energy and mass exchange between the atmosphere and land,and it is often used as an environment factor and process parameter in meteorology researches.However,due to the diversity of climatological conditions and differences in measurement setup,the quality of the soil moisture measurement is highly variable,which may have a significant impact on the data accuracy.Therefore,appropriate quality characterization is desired.Based on soil moisture data of 37 stations of Yunnan in 2010—2014,the spectrum-based approaches are used to eliminate 3 kinds of abnormal data.The constant,spike and noisy,caused by saturation of the signal and unresponsive sensors,are screened out by procedures analysis on the time series.The data integrality is shown not good,especially at some stations in the northwest of Yunnan Province,where the instruments are newly set up.After the first instability period,the data quality gradually improves.Among all abnormal values,the proportion of constant is up to 97%in all stations.The distribution of stations containing more spike shows less distinct pattern.Compared to the related meteorological data,different soil types show different responses to the precipitation.Sandy soil shows quicker reaction to the precipitation,and the change of soil moisture is more significant as well.As the rainfall intensity increases,the rise of the moisture increases too.Loam soil shows continuous rise in the few hours after the rainfall,but the variation is rather weaker,and the deeper soil moisture changes relatively smoothly.Clayey soil has a weak relationship with precipitation,and the soil moisture descends more quickly in the deeper layer than other soil type.It＇s found that the rainfall intensity and the soil moisture rise are not simply positively correlated,the soil moisture rises less after downpour,and these responses need further research.

关 键 词：云南省 自动气象站 土壤湿度 质量控制 

分 类 号：S152.71[农业科学—土壤学] P415.12[农业科学—农业基础科学]