登陆台风麦德姆不同部位降水强度及谱特征  

Rainfall Intensity and Raindrop Spectrum for Different Parts in Landing Typhoon Matmo

作　　者：林文[1] 林长城[1] 李白良[2] 郑文君 胡伦善 余永江[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省气象科学研究所,福州350001 [2]福建省气象台,福州350001 [3]福建省三明市尤溪县气象局,三明365114 [4]福建省宁德市屏南县气象局,宁德352300

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2016年第2期239-248,共10页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201406033);华东区域气象科技协同创新基金合作项目(QYHZ201406);中国气象局气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2015M46);福建省气象局开放式气象科学研究基金项目(2013K03)

摘　　要：利用架设在福建省尤溪站和屏南站的两台PARSIVEI第2代激光雨滴谱仪对2014年7月23 25日影响福建省的台风麦德姆(1410)进行观测,尤溪站位于移动路径中轴,屏南站位于台风强降水的区域即右侧云系,观测显示了台风不同部位雨滴谱特征:台风麦德姆在外围右前侧和后侧以及残留云系出现强降水,台风中心为连续性降水,雨强变化平稳;台风右侧云系雨滴平均谱谱宽由宽变窄,小滴数浓度先增后减,大滴逐渐减少,移动路径中轴后侧的残留云系出现大滴数浓度和谱宽的突增;含水量与雨强变化一致,雨强小于10mm·h^(-1)时,以大量的小粒子贡献为主,形状因子μ及斜率参数λ分布较广;雨强大于10 mm·h^(-1)时,大滴的贡献随雨强增大而增大,μ及λ均减小;同时,可利用μ与λ线性函数关系对(Gamma分布进行简化。During typhoon Matmo passage over Fujian from 23 Jul to 25 Jul in 2014,it passes through two disdrometer sites：Pingnan and Youxi.Pingnan site locates in eastern Fujian that represents the heavy rain region of typhoon Matmo,and Youxi site represents the middle path region of typhoon Matmo moving.Thus,microphysical characteristics of raindrop size distribution in different parts of typhoon Matmo are studied through the PARSIVEL2 disdrometer measurements at these two sites.The evolution of raindrop size distribution parameters reveals different segments of the storm,that the fluctuation of rainfall intensity in the right part is stronger than those in the middle.Heavy rainfalls happen in right front side,rear side of outer rainband and residual cloud.There is showery in the outer rainband in which rainfall intensity fluctuate frequently.Approaching to the central region of typhoon Matmo,the precipitation becomes more continuous and rainfall intensity changes more smoothly.In the right side rainband,the spectral width of raindrop size distribution changes from wide to narrow,the concentration of small rain drops increases at first and then decreases,and concentration of large rain drops decreases gradually.In the middle path of typhoon Matmo,the concentration of small rain drops increases first and then decreases,but spectral width of raindrop size distribution and concentration of large rain drops suddenly rise for difference.The evaluation of raindrop concentration and liquate water has some certain relations to the changed rainfall intensity,but degrees of their changes are not in tune.When rainfall intensity is less than 10 mm · h（-1）,a large number of small droplets contribute to the precipitation.The contribution to rainfall intensity by large number of small raindrops is higher in the right side rainband than in the middle moving path.In the central region of typhoon Matmo,the contribution by high concentration of small raindrops to the rainfall intensity is higher than in front side and rear side rainb

关 键 词：雨滴谱 雨强 台风麦德姆 PARSIVEL 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]