硝酸盐浓度对微生物燃料电池阳极产电性能的影响  

Influence of nitrate concentration in anolyte on electricity generation of microbial fuel cell

作　　者：王荣昌[1] 周欣逸 姚佳斌 李乐雪 

机构地区：[1]同济大学生物膜技术研究所,污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,长江水环境教育部重点实验室,同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2016年第5期1608-1614,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(No.2012BAJ21B01)~~

摘　　要：采用以假单胞菌Pseudomonas sp.C27为阳极优势菌属的微生物燃料电池(MFC)为研究对象,重点考察了进水中的硝酸盐浓度对于MFC系统产电及污染物去除的影响.实验结果表明,硝酸盐对于MFC的库仑效率(CE)影响较大,当硝酸盐浓度为250 mg·L^(-1)时,其电压下降段库仑效率仅为0.17%,而阳极未加入硝酸盐时,库仑效率为9.3%.当阳极初始硝酸盐浓度由0 mg·L^(-1)增加到250 mg·L^(-1)时,系统的传荷内阻由16.3Ω下降至11.2Ω,输出电压经短暂的电压下降后迅速回升至稳定,其稳定阶段输出电压与未受抑制阶段基本持平,最大输出功率可达到120 m W·m^(-2)左右.当硝酸盐浓度大于300 mg·L^(-1)时,硝酸盐对阳极微生物产电活性造成不可逆的抑制作用,系统产电能力大幅度下降且无法恢复至未受抑制阶段.可见,阳极生物反硝化过程对阳极生物产电具有电子竞争作用,过高的硝酸盐浓度会造成阳极生物膜产电性能降低甚至完全丧失.The effect of nitrate concentration in anolyte on electricity generation and pollutant removal was investigated in a bench-scale microbial fuel cell （MFC） , where Pseudomonas sp. C27 was dominant in anodic biofilm. The results show that nitrate concentration in anolyte had great impact on the eoulombie efficiency（CE） of MFC. When the concentration of nitrate is 250 mg＂ L-1 , the CE of MFC was only 0.17%, which was much lower than the CE （9.3%） without nitrate input in anolyte. When nitrate concentration in anolyte increased from 0 mg. L-lto 250 mg. L-l, the charge transfer resistance of system was reduced froml6.3 Ω to 11.2 Ω, meanwhile the output voltage dropped down first and then rebounded to original level and remained stable at the steady stage, and the maximum power density of 120 mW-m-2 was obtained. When nitrate concentration was higher than 300 mg. L-1, the electricity generation capability of MFC decreased sharply and could not recover to the original level, which indicates the irreversible inhibition to anodophilic microbes. These results show that denitrification processes competed for electrons with biological electricity generation in anodic biofilm, and high nitrate concentration in anolyte could inhibit or even destroy electricity generation of MFC.

关 键 词：阳极微生物 电化学阻抗 抑制 微生物燃料电池 硝酸盐 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]